What diseases should be seen in anorectal surgery
Various diseases of the anus, rectum and colon fall under the scope of anorectal surgery. In addition to common anal diseases such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistulas, perianal abscesses and rectal prolapse, they also include colorectal tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, constipation and colon polyps. Therefore, symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool, and a feeling of unclean bowel movements should be seen by the Department of Anal Surgery.
What is an anal fissure?
Anal fissure is a common anal canal disease, which manifests as deep and full fissures of the anal canal skin, forming a pyknotic ulcer. The most typical symptom of anal fissure is periodic painful defecation, with tearing pain produced by the dilatation of the anal canal during defecation.
How to treat anal fissure
For early anal fissures, treatment is based on softening the stool and local medication, while for old fissures, surgery is performed to remove the fissure and part of the internal sphincter to relieve the spasm of the sphincter and achieve pain relief and ulcer healing.
How to live with anal fissure.
(1) First of all, relieve mental worries and develop the habit of regular bowel movements, once a day.
(2) Eat more vitamins and fibrous food, and less spicy and stimulating food.
(3) Hot water bath after defecation is a simple and effective measure to prevent anal fissure.
What is perianal abscess
Perianal abscess is the result of acute and chronic purulent infection of the soft tissues around the anus, and the formation of abscesses. Most of the abscesses come from the infection and purulence of the anal glands and spread to the perianal space, or the abscesses formed under the skin and mucosa of the anal canal.
How to treat perianal abscess
Once an abscess is formed, it should be incised and drained to control the spread of infection and reduce the patient’s pain, and the abscess should be incised thoroughly, drained smoothly, and the interval in the abscess should be opened to facilitate drainage. At the same time, systemic and local treatment should be given.
How to prevent perianal abscess
(1) Actively treat other anal diseases such as anal sinusitis, anal fissure, proctitis and inflammatory bowel disease.
(2) Prevent constipation and diarrhea.
(3) Keep the anal area clean and hygienic and wash the anal area after stool.
(4) Exercise to enhance physical fitness to prevent infection
(5) Once an anorectal infection occurs, go to a regular hospital for treatment as soon as possible to avoid delaying the condition.
What is an anal fistula?
An anal fistula is an infected fistula that connects the anorectum to the skin around the anus. The main symptom is the repeated outflow of feces, pus or pus and blood from the fistula on the skin around the anus.
How to treat anal fistula
Anal fistulas should be diagnosed and treated early to prevent prolonged changes in the disease. Anal fistula cannot be cured by itself, and surgery is the only way to cure it.
Why anal fistula can become cancerous
Anal fistula can be combined with anorectal cancer, and chronic anal fistula can become cancerous.
(1) Long-term chronic inflammatory stimulation, which leads to abnormal cell proliferation and cancer.
(2) Long-term bacterial presence in the fistula, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, can lead to cancer.
(3) Drug stimulation, long-term use of a variety of topical drugs stimulation leads to cancer.