As society progresses and the elderly population accounts for a large proportion of the population, the incidence of mental disorders in the elderly has also increased, with the common ones being Alzheimer’s disease and mental disorders due to cerebrovascular disease. The following describes what clinical features they have respectively. Alzheimer’s disease: It is a group of primary brain degenerative lesions of unknown cause, with a slow onset and gradually increasing dementia as the main clinical symptoms. The pathological changes are mainly diffuse cortical brain atrophy, a large number of neuronal reduction, age spots, neuronal fiber tangles, granular vacuole vesicles and other lesions, choline acetylase and acetylcholine content reduction. Clinical manifestations: 1 memory impairment. 2 disorientation. 3 speech impairment. 4 loss of recognition or use. 5 generalized mental retardation. 6 personality changes. 7 delusions and affective disorders. 7 agitated reactions. 8 feeding. 9 Neurological symptoms.10 Chronic progressive course, with a total duration of 2^10 years, and a poor prognosis. Pneumonia and other complications or failure to die. (1) Most of the patients cannot be cured, but treatment can delay the disease, improve the mental disorder, reduce the adverse psychosocial consequences and reduce the prevalence of associated diseases and mortality. (2) Early detection and treatment are advocated. Appropriate medication, psychotherapy and psychosocial rehabilitation should be applied. (2) Mental disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease: Cerebrovascular disease is a general term for brain diseases caused by various vascular diseases. Mental disorders caused by abnormal blood supply to brain tissue (including hemorrhagic or ischemic) due to cerebrovascular lesions. Clinical manifestations: In addition to the physical symptoms associated with cerebrovascular lesions, the psychiatric symptoms mainly include: disorders of consciousness and amnesia syndrome after improvement of the disorders of consciousness, or mood disorders such as depression, compulsive crying and laughing, or psychotic symptoms such as suspicion and hallucination, as well as cognitive deficits such as aphasia, dysfunctional signs, personality changes and neurotic-like syndromes, which may develop into dementia in late stages. (1) Treatment of physical symptoms: Once diagnosed, prompt symptomatic treatment to improve cerebrovascular blood supply (2) Treatment of psychiatric symptoms: ①Anxiety, insomnia: aspirin, alprazolam or lorazepam can be used. (2) Depression: fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, or citalopram and new antidepressants can be used. ③Hallucinations and delusions: drugs with fewer extrapyramidal side effects can be used. (iv) Excitement disorder: give appropriate symptomatic treatment.