Recently, the Second Department of Surgery successfully performed a repeat nephrectomy and ureterectomy for a child with a duplicated kidney and ectopic ureteral opening. On June 2, a girl with a duplicated kidney combined with ectopic ureteral opening was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Jinan Children’s Hospital, and she came to our hospital for treatment because she had noticed dripping urine and perineal flushing for 3 months. Director Yu D did ultrasound and MRI examination for her and diagnosed: right duplicated kidney with ectopic ureteral opening. After the preoperative case discussion between the Department of Surgery II and the Department of Anesthesiology, the diagnosis of the child was considered clear and met the surgical indication of hemianephrectomy. After thorough preoperative preparation and active improvement of the general condition of the child, the surgical team was formed by Director D, Dr. Li Kaisheng and Dr. Chen Zhihong. After the operation, the child’s symptoms disappeared and he recovered smoothly without complications. From January 2010 to the present, 16 girls with ectopic ureteral openings were among the 38 children with duplicated kidneys treated by the Department of Surgery II. The main manifestation was abnormal urination and urinary incontinence in 9 cases; the main manifestation was urinary tract infection in 4 cases; there were no obvious clinical symptoms, but hydronephrosis and ureteral dilatation were found in 3 cases due to other reasons. Ultrasound and MRU examination were performed before surgery, and MRU examination revealed duplicated kidney, ectopic ureteral pattern and ectopic opening. All of them were confirmed as duplicated kidney, duplicated ureter and ectopic opening by surgery and pathology. Fourteen of them had full-length resection of the duplicated kidney and ureter, and the remaining two had reimplantation of the lower part of the duplicated ureter in the bladder. All patients recovered well and had good renal function with six months follow-up. This also marks a new level of pediatric urology in our hospital. This kind of surgery is a key assessment item in the accreditation standards of the tertiary class A children’s hospital of the Ministry of Health, and it is also a key technique of the specialty. The quality of surgery in our urology department marks that this item has reached the tertiary level of the national children’s hospital. (Liu Guoqing, Department of Surgery II, Jinan Children’s Hospital Website)