In people’s consciousness, “disease” and “pain” are often inextricably linked, and when medicine was not very advanced, pain could only be tolerated; however, with the development of medicine, “pain relief” has become an important clinical discipline. However, with the development of medicine, “pain relief” has become an important clinical discipline, and in addition to anesthesia before surgery, postoperative pain management has gradually become mainstream. However, this anesthesia, which seems to have “100 advantages”, actually has risks. Professor Mao Renling pointed out that the elderly have more underlying diseases and the risk of anesthesia for neurosurgery is indeed greater than that of middle-aged people, but the risk is within the controllable range. The risk of preoperative anesthesia in the elderly is indeed greater The risk of anesthesia after assessment is manageable. Older people, especially those with heart and brain diseases, do have greater anesthesia risks than young and middle-aged patients. Professor Mao Renling points out that this is because the elderly have more underlying diseases, such as coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, which lead to a reduction in the body’s ability to resist injury strikes. However, anesthesiologists and surgeons will conduct a close assessment before the operation, whether it is suitable for anesthesia and what kind of anesthesia to be performed, and will definitely put the anesthesia risk within a controllable range. For the patient, in general, the surgeon and anesthesiologist will definitely evaluate whether performing the surgery is beneficial and harmful for the patient. Whether or not general anesthesia is used for surgery in the elderly is not related to age Medications for underlying diseases in the elderly may affect anesthesia. Some patients may ask if the elderly can tolerate general anesthesia. What kind of anesthesia is usually better? Prof. Hei Ziqing pointed out that anesthesia should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis, first of all, it depends on what kind of surgery is being done and what part of the surgery is being done. The choice of anesthesia is based on the patient’s condition, not on the patient’s age. So, are there any drugs that have an effect on anesthesia for the elderly? Professor Mao Renling pointed out that antihypertensive drugs and anticoagulant drugs have an effect on anesthesia, in addition to this, other drugs commonly used for chronic diseases also have an effect on anesthesia, especially the medication for the basic diseases of the elderly, more or less have an effect on anesthesia. Therefore, the anesthesiologist must conduct a thorough evaluation of the patient before surgery to determine what kind of effect the use of the drug has on the anesthesia and try to keep the risk within control.