Introduction and Treatment of Kidney Cancer

  Kidney cancer, short for renal cell carcinoma, is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney. It accounts for about 3% of all adult malignant tumors and often occurs between the ages of 50 and 70, with a male-to-female ratio of about 2 to 3 : Before 1975, kidney cancer was mainly divided into two categories: clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and granular cell renal cell carcinoma (GCRCC).  In 1997, the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) recommended a new staging method for kidney cancer based on the morphological characteristics of tumor cells, combined with genetic alterations and tumor origins: kidney cancer is divided into five subtypes: clear cell renal cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, collecting duct carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma (unclassified). Because sarcomatoid transformation can occur in all subtypes of renal carcinoma, and acidophilic granules can be seen in the cytoplasm of many subtypes of renal carcinoma, the traditional naming of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma and granular cell renal cell carcinoma in the classification of renal carcinoma has been abolished, and the former granular cell renal cell carcinoma is now classified as eosinophilic cell carcinoma, partial suspicious cell renal cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, collecting duct carcinoma, and epithelioid vascular smooth muscle lipoma, respectively.  In 2004, the World Health Organization published a new renal tumor staging, in which multilocular clear cell renal cell carcinomas, renal medullary carcinoma, Xp11.2 traslocation/TFE3 gene fusion carcinoma, and renal carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma were added to the above five renal cancer subtypes. (Xp11.2 traslocation/TFE3 gene fusion carcinoma), renal carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma, and mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma.  I have collected clinical and imaging data of more than 2000 cases of renal tumors so far, and now I am making statistics and analysis of the first 2000 cases. Among them, there were 1747 cases of renal cancer, 1244 men and 503 women. 18~88 years old, mean 54.7 years old, median 54 years old. There were 1419 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, 53 cases of multifocal clear cell renal cell carcinoma, 112 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma, 81 cases of suspicious cell renal cell carcinoma, 1 case of collecting duct carcinoma, 7 cases of Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion-related renal cell carcinoma, 5 cases of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, and 69 cases of unclassified renal cell carcinoma.