Prostate cancer has now become the first tumor endangering men’s health in the United States, and although China does not occupy the first place in endangering men’s health, it has shown a rising trend in recent years. Due to the lack of awareness of the disease, many male patients do not pay attention to medical checkups and often go to hospitals only after the emergence of advanced symptoms, which delays the treatment and brings pain to patients and shortens their life span and increases their medical burden. Therefore, we medical workers have the obligation to do more publicity in this area. Prostate cancer patients are mainly older men, the median age of newly diagnosed patients is 72 years old. The risk factors causing prostate cancer are not yet clear but some of them have been identified such as genetic factors, others such as high animal fat diet, low intake of vitamin E, selenium, lignans, isoflavones, etc. For early detection of prostate cancer the best primary screening method is rectal examination combined with prostate-specific antigen test, and in China it is advocated that men over 50 years of age with lower urinary tract symptoms should be routinely examined as mentioned above, and for men with a family history of prostate cancer, regular examination and follow-up should begin at the age of 45.