I. Concept Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by myocardial hypertrophy. It can be divided into obstructive and non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy according to the presence or absence of obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy leading to subaortic stenosis is called idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. This type is characterized by hypertrophy of the ventricular myocardium, typically in the left ventricle, especially in the septum, and occasionally as concentric hypertrophy. The left ventricular chamber volume is normal or reduced. Occasionally, the lesion occurs in the right ventricle. Up to 60% of adolescents and adults with HCM have an autosomal dominant cause due to mutations in the cardiac myosin gene. 5-10% of adults have other genetic disorders, including metabolic and neuromuscular genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, and genetic syndromes. In some cases, the cause is a non-genetic disease that resembles a genetic disease, such as amyloidosis of the elderly. II. Clinical manifestations The main manifestations are dyspnea, angina pectoris, often after exertion, and may include weakness, dizziness, syncope, palpitations, and heart failure (with heart tiredness and shortness of breath, hypertonic sleep, nocturnal telescopic breathing, bilateral lower limb edema, abdominal distention, and loss of appetite) in advanced stages. Diagnosis Clinical manifestations, physical signs, relevant auxiliary examinations and family history should be combined, among which chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and cardiac catheterization can clarify the diagnosis. Because of the slow development of the disease, the prognosis is uncertain, and the cause is not clear, and many genetic genes are related, and some hypertrophic cardiomyopathies may appear with the age of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy dilated cardiomyopathy phase, the course of the disease is slow development, the prognosis is uncertain. So for early hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients is mainly to go to the hospital for evaluation, according to the relevant examination by the specialist to develop a treatment plan. V. Precautions Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a tendency to run in families, so those with a family history of the disease should pay attention to regular checkups at the hospital. If shortness of breath, weakness, precordial pain or syncope occur, it is advisable to go to the hospital as soon as possible. For patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, it is advisable to avoid exertion, prevent respiratory infections, stop smoking and drinking, maintain a good state of mind, and go to the hospital for regular checkups (generally recommended once every 6-12 months) to protect or improve cardiac function and improve quality of life. Most patients can maintain the disease for decades after treatment, and the prognosis is still good. It is not advisable to participate in strenuous sports to avoid accidents such as sudden death. If there is severe dyspnea, aggravated when lying down and sweating profusely, it may be severe cardiac insufficiency, the patient should be put in a sitting or semi-sitting position and called to the medical emergency center for help or transported to a nearby hospital by the safest, smoothest and fastest means of transportation.