1 . Maintain a good postoperative position. After surgery, patients with minor or medium surgery should be sent back to the original ward immediately, while patients with major or critical surgery should be sent to the resuscitation room first, and then to the postoperative ward or the monitoring room according to their condition. Patients with general anesthesia, who are not awake at this time, should lie flat, without pillows and with their heads tilted to the side to prevent saliva or vomit from being inhaled into the respiratory tract and causing respiratory infections. Patients under epidural or lumbar anesthesia should lie flat for 6 hours after surgery to prevent the occurrence of postoperative headache. After cervical, thoracic and abdominal surgery, after the blood pressure is stabilized, more semi-sitting or semi-recumbent positions are adopted. Patients after spinal surgery should sleep on a hard bed. For patients after limb surgery, the operated limb should be elevated or traction should be performed. 2 .Assist medical staff to observe body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure. If you feel uncomfortable, fever and fast heartbeat, you should report to the doctor or nurse. Here to tell you a little common sense, 3 to 5 days after surgery, body temperature is often around 38 ℃, called postoperative reaction fever, or absorption fever, there is no need to be nervous about it. 3, strengthen the diet with. After surgery, we should strengthen nutrition to facilitate the recovery of the body. General local anesthesia surgery, you can eat after surgery, abdominal surgery patients, to wait for the recovery of intestinal peristalsis, anal exhaust, before entering the fluid; gastrointestinal surgery patients, first gastrointestinal decompression, at the same time should be fasted, stop gastrointestinal decompression before entering the fluid, and then slowly return to a normal diet; major surgery or general anesthesia after surgery, more short-term digestive function, do not want to eat, and even nausea, vomiting, can be infused with fluids In severe cases, the doctor will insert a gastric tube. In severe cases, the doctor will insert a gastric tube, through the gastric tube into the fluid. 4 .Assist the medical staff to strictly manage the incision after surgery. Don’t move around, don’t uncover the dressing covering the incision at will, and don’t touch the incision with your hands or wash it with water, keep the incision clean and dry. If you accidentally wet or contaminate the dressing, ask the doctor or nurse to change it to prevent the incision from becoming infected and septic. If you find redness and swelling around the incision or blood and water flowing out, you should tell the doctor and nurse in time to get timely and proper treatment. 5 . Be active early after surgery. According to the size of the operation and the postoperative condition, under the conditions permitted by the doctor, strive to get out of bed early. This is very beneficial to increase the depth of breathing, promote blood circulation, restore gastrointestinal function, improve appetite; for the prevention of complications, promote wound healing, also has a positive role. Such as abdominal surgery, generally 2 to 3 days after surgery should be appropriate to get out of bed or bed activities to prevent abdominal distension and intestinal adhesions. Patients with a lot of sputum should be turned more often and the incision should be pressed by hand to assist coughing and excretion of sputum to prevent lung infection. Postoperative patients should move their limbs more often to prevent venous thrombosis. 6.Master the best time to remove the stitches. The time to remove the stitches of the postoperative incision should be decided according to the different sites of surgery. In case of no abnormalities, the stitches should be removed 5 to 7 days after surgery; the stitches of lower abdomen and perineum should be removed for a longer period of time; the stitches of upper abdomen, chest, back and buttocks should be removed 7 to 9 days after surgery; the stitches of extremities should be removed 10 to 12 days after surgery, and the stitches of joints and their vicinity should be removed 14 days after surgery; the stitches of full-layer skin graft should be removed 12 to 14 days after surgery; the stitches of the elderly, weak, anemic or with complications should be removed for a longer period of time. 7, other precautions. Some patients are not used to urinating in bed after surgery, or they cannot urinate because of impaired urination reflex after lumbar anesthesia. Therefore, for those who need to stay in bed for a long time after surgery, they should practice urinating in bed before surgery. If the condition allows, the patient can be assisted to sit up, kneel or stand to urinate, and abdominal hot compresses and acupuncture can be used to assist urination. If the above measures do not work and the patient is still unable to urinate 8 to 12 hours after surgery, the doctor will treat the patient accordingly. For the catheters carried on the body after surgery, attention should be paid to keep them open to prevent them from folding, blocking or falling off, and remember not to remove them at will. The body’s resistance is relatively low after surgery, so care should be taken to keep warm and prevent colds. 8 .Patients undergoing outpatient surgery should rest for a moment in the outpatient clinic after surgery, and ask the doctor for the time of follow-up, medication change and stitch removal, and go to the hospital for follow-up and disposal on time. 9 .After discharge from the hospital, if you find any disintegration, bleeding or severe pain in the surgical opening after stitch removal, you should go to the hospital immediately for examination and treatment.