Among the female internal reproductive organs, the fallopian tubes and ovaries are called the uterine adnexa. Adnexitis refers to inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. However, tubal and ovarian inflammation are often combined with parametritis and pelvic peritonitis, and it is not easy to distinguish them in diagnosis, so that pelvic peritonitis and parametritis are also included in the scope of adnexitis. Among the inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, tubal inflammation is the most common, and because of the mutual proximity of anatomical sites, tubal inflammation, ovarian inflammation and pelvic peritonitis often coexist and affect each other. Although adnexitis refers to inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. However, tubal and ovarian inflammation are often combined with parametritis and pelvic peritonitis, and it is not easy to distinguish them in the diagnosis, so pelvic peritonitis and parametritis are also included in the scope of adnexitis. Among the inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, tubal inflammation is the most common. 1. After childbirth or abortion, due to decreased resistance, pathogens infect the reproductive tract and spread to the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and then the entire pelvis, causing inflammation. 2, While the IUD is widely used, patients do not pay attention to personal hygiene or the surgical operation is not strict and caused. 3.Uterine operations performed without strict sterilization, such as hysteropexy, hysterosalpingography with iodine oil, cervical canal treatment, and obstetric surgical infections with less than strict sterilization. 4.Not paying attention to menstrual hygiene, menstrual intercourse or unclean intercourse, etc. 5, when there is infection in other parts of the body without timely treatment, the pathogenic bacteria can be transmitted through the bloodstream and cause tubo-ovarianitis, mostly seen in tuberculosis diseases. 6. Inflammation of the pelvis or adjacent organs of the fallopian tubes, such as appendicitis, can cause tubo-ovarianitis and pelvic peritonitis through direct spread, and the inflammation usually occurs in the adjacent side of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. 7. Sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, after infection, gonococcus can spread upward along the mucosa and cause inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.