Due to the development of transportation and construction, the incidence of head trauma is now the second most common injury in the whole body, but its injuries and consequences are the most serious and the mortality rate is the highest. Head trauma can damage the brain and mask other related injuries, therefore, any head trauma should be considered very serious and given timely and effective first aid treatment, early treatment will directly affect the prognosis of the casualty. After head trauma, the casualty may experience temporary or partial loss of consciousness, often accompanied by pale face, wet and cold skin, shallow breathing and rapid pulse. When consciousness is restored, the casualty may forget or not even know the accident occurred and feel discomfort such as headache, nausea and vomiting. If consciousness never returns, brain injury or compression should be considered. The main points to note when dealing with first aid are as follows: ① Understand the injury. If the injury is mild, it is enough to persuade them to seek medical attention. If the consciousness is unclear or there is obvious injury, contact 120 immediately for medical support. ②Keep the airway open. Removal of acute respiratory obstruction is the focus of first aid for head trauma. To prevent the tongue root from falling back in a comatose person, place one hand behind the neck of the casualty and the other hand in front of the forehead, so that the head is tilted back, which can make the head and neck elongate and open the airway, and then use the hand behind the neck to push the lower jaw upward, so that the tongue can be made forward. The vomiting person needs to lie flat on his back with his head tilted to the side and remove as much foreign matter from his mouth as possible, such as vomit and loose dentures, but never waste time looking for something you can’t see. If necessary, tracheal intubation and artificial respiration. ③ Control bleeding. Because the scalp is rich in blood flow and the skin is tight, the wound bleeds heavily, sometimes much more severely than it actually does. Direct pressure can mostly control bleeding, but if there is a fracture or foreign body, heavy pressure should be avoided. It is worth reminding that head bandages do not have the effect of direct compression to control bleeding. ④Transfer to hospital. Because head trauma has the characteristics of changeable, changeable, sudden change, so the head injury should be sent to the hospital with surgical conditions and technical strength, preferably with specialized wards, otherwise it is likely to delay treatment, resulting in bad consequences. In general, both acute craniocerebral injury, or spinal, spinal cord injury should be quickly sent away from the scene, promptly sent to a specialist hospital for further treatment. In the transfer process, you should choose a flat road quality highway, the patient should take the lateral or supine head side position, always keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. During the transfer process, close attention should be paid to the changes in condition, including changes in consciousness, pulse, respiration and other signs. After the patient is transported to the emergency room, the doctor is required to ask the following questions in a short time: ① time of injury, ② cause, ③ size of violence, ④ site of force, ⑤ post-injury manifestations, ⑥ transfer and treatment, and other medical history. For shock, active hemorrhage, brain herniation and disturbance of vital signs, active resuscitation should be performed while taking medical history.