Although neurosurgical debridement decompression has saved the lives of a large number of patients with severe high cranial pressure, it has also caused serious cosmetic problems for patients due to postoperative cranial defects. As the quality of life improves, the repair of cranial defects should not only consider the protection of brain tissues, but also the patients’ requirements for the restoration of the appearance and shape of the skull are getting higher and higher. The application of computer-assisted contouring titanium mesh repair of cranial defects has made it possible to repair the defective skull and restore natural beauty. However, due to the serious fragmentation of the autogenous skull after trauma or the difficulty of long-term preservation, many patients have to choose artificial materials for repair. Titanium alloy mesh has become the clinically preferred material due to its good biocompatibility and strength. The skull has a certain physiological curvature, and the location and size of the defective skull varies from patient to patient, so the individualization of the shape of the forming material is highly required. There are two types of titanium mesh commonly used in clinical practice: two-dimensional titanium mesh and three-dimensional easy-to-shape titanium mesh. Two-dimensional titanium mesh is stronger and has a better protective effect on brain tissue than three-dimensional easy-to-shape titanium mesh, but it is more difficult to shape with bare hands. Before the application of computer-assisted shaping technology, titanium alloy material mainly relies on intraoperative freehand shaping, in order to ensure that the postoperative shaping area of the cosmetic effect, the clinical application of three-dimensional easy-to-shape titanium mesh for cranial bone repair is more common. During surgery, the operator cuts and shapes the mesh visually and with his own experience. In order to achieve a satisfactory shaping effect, it is necessary to repeatedly compare, cut and shape the titanium mesh, which increases the labor intensity of the surgeon, makes the operation more difficult and prolongs the time, and even so, it is difficult to ensure that the titanium mesh is attached to the edge of the bone window, and the postoperative cosmetic effect is poor. If the surgery involves the arch of the eyebrow and the forehead, the cosmetic problem is even more prominent. Worst of all, the edges of titanium mesh cut during the operation are sharp and easy to buckle and puncture the scalp, leading to postoperative infection in the surgical area and even molding failure. Computer-assisted mesh shaping technology utilizes computers to capture and process skull data from CT scans, and then turns it into commands to control the CNC machine to shape the mesh. The edges and curvature of the computer-assisted mesh precisely match the natural shape of the defect and fit the skull well. This technology can make titanium mesh shaping individualized, more in line with the physiological curvature of the defective part of the skull, beautiful and symmetrical, almost restoring the patient’s appearance, reducing the negative impact of craniocerebral trauma on the patient’s psyche. Since intraoperative shaping is not required, the operation time is greatly shortened, which reduces the chance of postoperative infection, thus reducing complications due to infection as well as potential cosmetic problems.