First, diet and exercise is the basis, should always be carried out normal diet (avoid sweets, less snacks), total control, small meals, coarse and fine, chew slowly, seven or eight minutes full, quit smoking and limit alcohol. Eat more high-fiber vegetables as appropriate. Proper exercise (jogging and fast walking is good, slight sweat is good): persistent (not less than 5 times a week, total time not less than 150 minutes), recommended exercise 1 hour after meals. You can also do some resistance exercise. Aerobic exercise (burn calories) combined with resistance exercise (increase muscle mass and improve insulin sensitivity). Second, education is a prerequisite For diabetes: strategically defiant, tactically important; both, there is diabetes can not be shot, you can make a bad thing into a good thing. Mastering the basic knowledge of diabetes is the basis of blood glucose control, doctor-patient interaction and patient learning from each other, very beneficial. Third, anti-diabetic drugs are important auxiliary means of blood glucose control Firstly, make an individualized blood glucose control goal, then consider a variety of factors and choose an individualized blood glucose control plan and anti-diabetic drugs. At present, there are many kinds of anti-diabetic drugs, as many as 8-11 kinds, and each drug has different varieties and specifications, so different combinations can reach hundreds of kinds. The basic principles are: the hypoglycemic effect of similar drugs is basically the same; drugs with different mechanisms of action can be combined with each other; oral drugs can generally be combined with 2-3 kinds; insulin can be combined with 1-2 kinds of other drugs; under the premise of no contraindications, metformin should be the first choice and kept in the treatment plan from the beginning to the end. Blood glucose monitoring is an important guarantee for blood glucose control Blood glucose monitoring includes self-monitoring, regular testing of intravenous blood glucose (fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and urine glucose, and those who have conditions can regularly perform dynamic blood glucose assessment, and the means and frequency of testing vary depending on the condition, whether the blood glucose control is up to standard and the different treatment plans taken. Blood sugar control principles: the earlier the better, the longer the better, the smoother the better, the closer to normal the better (in the case of no hypoglycemia). The point should be controlled (including fasting, postprandial, preprandial and bedtime), the line should be smooth (to avoid blood sugar fluctuation and hypoglycemia), and the surface should reach the standard (HbA1c, once every 3 months for those who do not reach the standard; once every 6 months for those who reach the standard).