For newborns of hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive mothers, hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be administered within 24 hours after birth, preferably as early as possible within 12 hours after birth, at a dose of ≥100 IU, along with 10 μg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (yeast) or 20 μg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at different sites, which can significantly improve the effectiveness of interruption of mother-to-child transmission. It is also possible to give 1 dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 12 hours after birth, followed by a second dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin 1 month later, and a concurrent dose of 10 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine or 20 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at different sites, with the second and third doses of 10 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine or 20 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine given at 1 and 6 months intervals, respectively. Newborns can receive breastfeeding from hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive mothers after receiving hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth.