Vulvar cancer is relatively rare. Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is a common type of vulvar cancer. Most of the initial symptoms are vulvar itching and local swelling, and pain will only appear if there is co-infection or advanced vulvar cancer, so most patients do not necessarily have pain. Postmenopausal women with persistent local itching or swelling in the vulva must go to hospital for examination and biopsy if necessary. Early diagnosis can be treated by surgery, and mid to late stage can be treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cancer foci gradually increase in size and infiltrate the surrounding tissues, lymph nodes and nerves, etc. Exudate, bleeding and pain will occur. The prognosis of treatment is closely related to the location, differentiation, stage, size of the tumor and the presence of lymphatic metastasis. Good treatment measures can improve the quality of patients’ survival and delay the survival period.