1.Minimally invasive treatment of spinal diseases: vertebroplasty and retrognathism technique A puncture tube of about 4mm is used in the lumbar back to puncture into the injured vertebrae, and then bone cement is injected into the injured vertebrae for fixation. It is mainly used for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures and malignant tumors in the elderly. It has good immediate pain relief and the operation is performed under local or general anesthesia. 2.Plasma or laser ablation for cervical disc herniation and cervical vertigo A 1mm puncture needle is used to penetrate into the herniated cervical disc from the neck under X-ray fluoroscopy, and then laser fiber or plasma tip is inserted into the herniated cervical disc through the catheter for ablation. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and is relatively simple and minimally invasive, and the patient can go home on the second or third day after the operation. 3.Microscope-assisted surgery for cervical spine disease The operating microscope comes with its own light source, and the operating field will be clearer after magnification, which can minimize tissue trauma, clearly expose the operating field, precisely separate the nerve tissue, fully remove the intervertebral disc, vertebral body, bone redundancy, scar and ligament tissue, greatly improve the safety and accuracy of surgery and achieve better clinical efficacy. Cervical spine surgery with the aid of surgical microscope is suitable for the surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis, cervical longitudinal ligament ossification, cervical spinal stenosis and cervical disc herniation. The role of minimally invasive spine technology in the treatment of spinal disorders The treatment of spinal disorders should be a stepwise approach, with the majority of patients being treated conservatively and surgery only when conservative treatment is ineffective. Minimally invasive surgery is not suitable for all spinal disorders, and good results can be obtained only if the indications are properly selected. Under strict control of the indications and experienced spine surgeons, the excellent rate of minimally invasive interventional spine surgery is about 50-60%; the excellent rate of intervertebral foraminal surgery is 80-90%, and the recurrence rate is 10-20%; the excellent rate of discoscopic surgery is 90-95%, and the recurrence rate is 5-10%; the excellent rate of minimally invasive decompression, fusion, and internal fixation surgery is over 95%, and the recurrence rate is less than 5% The rate is comparable to that of conventional open surgery. After minimally invasive surgery (minimally invasive intervention, foraminoscopy, discoscopy), if the disease recurs, consider minimally invasive surgery or open surgery again.