At present, laparoscopic-assisted radical rectal cancer treatment with preservation of the anus (laparoscopic-assisted anterior resection of low rectal cancer) usually requires an incision in the abdomen after freeing the rectum and sigmoid colon to complete the anastomosis of the intestinal canal, which has two main limitations: first, the lower edge of the tumor cannot be perceived by palpation, which does not completely guarantee the safety of the lower incision line; second, another incision (other than the puncture incision) needs to be made in the abdomen. Nowadays, there are two types of laparoscopic-assisted radical rectal cancer treatment without incision in the abdomen, one is laparoscopic internal sphincterotomy (radical rectal cancer treatment between the internal and external anal sphincters), and the other is laparoscopic combined abdominal-sacral rectal cancer treatment. These two procedures can avoid the disadvantages of the above-mentioned traditional procedures.