Autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation is one of the latest international treatments for ischemic diseases of the lower extremity arteries. This method is simple and safe, in which a certain amount of autologous bone marrow is extracted under local anesthesia to isolate bone marrow single nucleated cells (a kind of primitive cells that can differentiate into vascular endothelial cells in an ischemic environment) and then injected into the ischemic lower limb muscles to proliferate capillaries in the muscles and increase collateral circulation to treat the ischemia of the affected limbs. The pain relief effect is obvious after one week of treatment, and the blood supply to the limb improves after about one month of neovascularization. Autologous cell transplantation has no significant adverse reactions and has a significant therapeutic effect, minimizing the patient’s suffering from amputation. Efficacy and characteristics: All patients had different degrees of relief of lower limb pain within 24 hours after transplantation, and the blood flow of the affected limb increased to different degrees when measured by Doppler flowmetry 2 weeks after surgery. The bone marrow stem cell research laboratory established by the Department of Vascular Surgery is the first of its kind in China, which can independently complete a series of research on bone marrow stem cell isolation, purification and culture, and can serve the clinic more directly. Based on the application of new technologies we have combined the application of traditional Chinese medicine to make the therapeutic effect after transplantation more obvious, forming our characteristics. The successful implementation of autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation combined with the application of traditional Chinese medicine has opened up a new way to treat lower limb ischemic diseases, significantly reducing the amputation rate of such patients and improving the quality of life of patients.