Bone marrow edema is a manifestation of osteomyelitis, an infection and destruction of bone that can be caused by aerobic or anaerobic bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi. Osteomyelitis occurs in the long bones, in the feet of diabetic patients, or at sites of penetrating bone injury due to trauma or surgery. The most common sites in children are the long bones with good blood supply, such as the tibia or the epiphysis of the femur. Examination: 1. Laboratory tests: Blood white blood cell count can be normal. However, ESR and C-reactive protein are increased. 2.X-ray examination: X-ray changes appear 3-4 weeks after infection, showing irregular thickening and sclerosis of bone, with residual bone resorption areas or cavities, in which there may be dead bone of various sizes, and sometimes no bone marrow cavity can be seen. Small bone cavities and small dead bones in the sclerotic bone some can not be visualized, so the actual number present is often more than what is shown on the photos. 3.CT examination: If the x-ray performance is not clear, CT examination is feasible to identify the lesion bone and show the formation of paravertebral abscess. 4. Biopsy: For fractures and tumors, puncture biopsy and surgical biopsy of the intervertebral disc space or infected bone can be performed. Bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests can be performed. 5, iodine oil imaging: In order to clarify the relationship between the dead bone or bone cavity and the sinus tract, iodine oil or 12.5% sodium iodide solution can be used for sinus tract imaging. Differential diagnosis: Patients with this disease often present with limited bone pain, fever and discomfort suggest the possibility of osteomyelitis. Blood leukocyte counts may be normal. The ESR and C-reactive protein are increased. x-ray changes appear 3-4 weeks after infection. Bone destruction, soft tissue swelling, and subchondral bone plate encroachment may be seen. Narrowing of the intervertebral disc space and bone destruction with shortening of the vertebral bones are seen. If the radiographic presentation is unclear, CT is feasible to identify the diseased bone and to show the formation of paravertebral abscesses. Radiographic bone scan is reflected in the early stage of the lesion but cannot distinguish between infection, fracture and tumor by puncture biopsy and surgical biopsy of the intervertebral disc space or infected bone.