Kidney stones are the most common type of urinary stones. Kidney stones not only affect urinary function, but also cause back pain, hematuria, and even cause symptoms of urinary tract infection when the stones damage the mucous membrane of the urinary tract. How are kidney stones formed? 1, the composition of kidney stones The main components of kidney stones are urate and oxalate, which come from the precipitation of salts in urine to generate stones. The incidence of kidney stones is higher in the southern coastal provinces of China, with a higher incidence in men than in women, and the age of 20-50 is the high incidence age. 2, the form of kidney stones is related to these factors (1) excessive sugar intake Sugar is an important source of energy for the body, but if too much is consumed, especially lactose, it will also make stones more likely to be generated. (2) Excessive oxalate in the body Oxalate is the main component of kidney stones. Excessive consumption of foods with high oxalate content, such as spinach, beans, tea, oranges, potatoes, bamboo shoots, etc., can also cause the accumulation of oxalate and induce kidney stones. (3) Abnormal purine metabolism Uric acid is the metabolite of purine, and uric acid will promote the precipitation of oxalate in urine. If purine metabolism is abnormal, the production of oxalate will increase, and urinary stones will be formed more easily. (4) Excessive fat intake High-fat diet can also cause kidney stones, this is because fat in the digestion process will consume a lot of calcium ions in the intestine, so that the absorption of oxalate increases, if at the same time there is a lot of exercise sweat, drink less water, less urine, etc., kidney stones will be easily formed. (5) Excessive protein intake Protein has the function of promoting intestinal function to absorb calcium, high protein diet will increase the generation of oxalate and uric acid, if the excess calcium, oxalate and uric acid are not discharged in time, the chance of kidney stones, ureteral stones and other diseases will greatly increase.