Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a growing trend in China, as the survival rate of preterm and low birth weight infants has increased. The causes of ROP are multifaceted and are related to prematurity, immaturity of retinal vascular development, oxygen inhalation as an important measure for resuscitation, and a common risk factor for the disease.ROP first appears at 32 weeks of corrected gestational age (weeks of gestation at birth + weeks after birth), and early screening and proper treatment can stop the development of the lesion. Fundus screening should be performed for the following preterm infants: 1. Premature and low birth weight infants with birth weight <2000g, or birth gestational weeks <32 weeks, should be screened for fundus lesions and followed until peripheral retinal vascularization; 2. The scope can be appropriately expanded for patients with severe disease or a clear history of prolonged oxygenation and considered by pediatricians to be at higher risk; 3. The first screening should be performed at 4-6 weeks postnatal or corrected gestational age 31-32 to start; 4. After the diagnosis of threshold lesion or type 1 pre-threshold lesion is confirmed, treatment should be received at 72h if possible; 5. Screening should be performed with appropriately dilated pupils, using indirect inspection glasses or wide-angle fundus camera; 6. Screening can be stopped when retinal vascularization, corrected gestational age 45 weeks, no pre-threshold lesion or threshold lesion, retinal vessels have developed to zone III, and retinal lesions have regressed.