In a normal eye, there is a biconvex, clear, elastic tissue behind the pupil, which is the lens. A cloudy lens that causes vision loss is a cataract. Its symptoms are progressive, painless vision loss.
There is no definite effect of medication for cataracts, and surgery is currently the only effective treatment method. Surgery involves removing the cloudy lens and implanting a clear IOL. The most commonly used surgical methods are: modern extracapsular cataract extraction and cataract ultrasound emulsification.
Notes before surgery
1. Pre-operative examination includes general examination and eye examination. The whole body examination includes blood test, urine and stool routine, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, blood pressure and so on. Eye examination includes visual function, intraocular pressure, lens clouding, measurement of corneal curvature and axis length, A, B ultrasound, corneal endothelial count, etc.
2. Use antibiotic eye drops 1-3 days before surgery to prevent infection.
3. Cut the eyelashes and flush the tear ducts of the operated eye one day before surgery, flush the conjunctival sac in the morning of surgery, and take eye drops for pupil dilation.
4. The night before surgery, do a good job of cleaning and hygiene, such as bathing, shampooing, trimming finger (toe) nails, to prevent cold and flu.
5. Patients with local anesthesia or table anesthesia can eat normally in the morning of surgery; patients with general anesthesia should start fasting and drinking at 10:00 p.m. before surgery.
After surgery, please note that
1, rest quietly on the day of surgery, avoid excessive activity, head down, coughing hard to prevent wound cracking.
2, diet: avoid too spicy and stimulating food, do not enter too hot, too hard food, such as beef tendon, ribs, etc.
3, to ensure the cleanliness of the operated eye, 5-7 days after surgery is strictly prohibited to enter raw water, dirty water, do not rub the operated eye with your hands after surgery, to prevent wound infection and cracking.
4.The nurse will give you antimicrobial eye drops during the hospitalization period, and if necessary, follow the doctor’s instructions to take anti-inflammatory drugs.
5.If you have pain in the operated eye, headache or other discomfort, please inform the medical staff in time.
Post-discharge home care: 1.
1, medication: 1 month after surgery, follow the doctor’s instructions for antibiotic eye drops on time or once a night before bedtime to dilate the pupil.
2. Patients with implanted IOLs should pay attention to the following aspects to prevent the lens from shifting.
(1) Avoid strenuous exercise, overexertion, colds and constipation for 3 months after surgery.
(2) Reduce low head movements and avoid excessive bending, such as holding children or lifting heavy objects.
(3) Use less eyes within 1-2 weeks after surgery, avoid touching the operated eye, rubbing the eye, and avoid lying on the affected side as much as possible.
(3) 3 months after surgery, you should go to the hospital for routine examination and optometry, and generally you can work and study normally after 1 month.
4.Review one week after discharge, once a week in January, and once a month for three months afterwards.
If you have eye redness, eye pain, sudden decrease of vision, etc., you should go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible.