In the past 10 years, with the accumulation of experience in the development and use of drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, a consensus has been formed at home and abroad that antiviral therapy is the mainstay of chronic hepatitis B. However, it is not the case that the ideal efficacy can be achieved by giving patients antiviral drugs, and it is crucial to correctly grasp the timing and indications of antiviral therapy, the judgment of efficacy, how to observe the disease in the process of drug administration and Only by understanding these can we give full play to the effectiveness of antiviral drugs and achieve more desirable results. Therefore, chronic hepatitis B patients should pay attention to the following aspects when undergoing antiviral therapy: 1. If the examination reveals that the patient’s liver function tests are always normal, the condition is in a state of viral carriage and antiviral therapy is not required. Because the body’s immune function for hepatitis B virus is in the tolerance stage at this time, antiviral treatment cannot get a response, and treatment often has little effect. If the patient is positive for hepatitis B virus treatment DNA and the liver function test indicates that glutathione aminotransferase is more than 2 times the normal value, then antiviral treatment should be carried out. Second, choose the kind of drugs? Currently, the FDA has approved five drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, including interferon, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and pegylated interferon. Our SFDA has also approved interferon, lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, there is a specific choice: interferon has its own strict indications and contraindications due to its side effects. Patients in the stage of liver function loss (such as heavy hepatitis, severe jaundice, cirrhosis ascites) cannot use interferon and can only choose lamivudine at this time; adefovir can be used for lamivudine treatment for those who have viral mutations. Third, the monitoring during antiviral therapy? Monitor liver function, kidney function and blood count at least once a month; usually review hepatitis B virus indicators (HBeAg and/or hepatitis B virus DNA) once every three months. IV. Are you able to take your medication on time? Hepatitis B antiviral therapy is a treatment process that requires long-term adherence. Patient compliance is decisive for treatment outcome. Good compliance can reduce the emergence of viral resistance and make the antiviral effect of drugs more durable, thus achieving better efficacy. V. Discontinuation problem? Some people think that after antiviral treatment, the virus can no longer be detected in the blood and the symptoms have completely disappeared, so they can stop taking medication or reduce the dose of medication like treating a cold or other diseases, which is completely wrong. Especially for the nucleoside class of liver antiviral drugs, discontinuation must be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor, especially for patients with liver function loss before treatment, unauthorized discontinuation of drugs may lead to serious consequences. The new Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B state that the overall treatment goals for chronic hepatitis B are to maximize long-term suppression or elimination of HBV, reduce hepatocyte inflammation necrosis and liver fibrosis, delay disease progression, reduce and prevent liver decompensation, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and their complications, and thus prolong survival and improve quality of life. In conclusion, chronic hepatitis B patients should correctly grasp the indications, contraindications, efficacy judgment and discontinuation criteria when undergoing antiviral therapy, based on laboratory and examination results, and under the guidance of a professional physician, or blindly listen to advertisements for medication, not only is it difficult to achieve good results, but may also be counterproductive and aggravate the disease.