Whether it is primary or secondary kidney disease, unlike some infectious diseases such as measles, which can be prevented by immunization through vaccination, many kidney diseases are difficult to prevent in advance. The occurrence of many kidney diseases is difficult to prevent in advance, and once suffering from kidney disease, in addition to acute nephritis, mild interstitial nephritis can complete the cure, the prognosis is better, most of them are no effective drugs, often lead to the decline of renal function, the development of chronic renal failure. The decline of renal function, in addition to the role of renal disease itself, certain factors that aggravate kidney damage often accelerate the deterioration of renal function, these factors are: 1, hypertension: hypertension is one of the clinical manifestations of renal disease, and at the same time the kidneys are the target organ of hypertension, that is to say, high blood pressure will aggravate the burden on the kidneys and deteriorate renal function. Renal elbow damage caused by hypertension is mostly irreversible glomerulosclerosis, which is called renal arteriosclerosis evidence. Especially when the glomerulus has lesions, this damage is more obvious, so is suffering from hypertension, should try to control the blood pressure, can not be ignored, especially the elderly, the incidence of hypertension is very high, and the kidneys themselves and aging and functional decline, should always pay attention to the changes in renal function. Specific method is to control the blood pressure at the same time, regular measurement of blood urea ammonia, creatinine, urine specific gravity, renal concentration and dilution function, urine protein and so on. 2, drugs: as we all know, drugs are not food, not to mention preventive health products, there will be certain toxic side effects, the scope of the damage caused by its side effects and the characteristics of the drug itself has a close relationship. In particular, a large number of chemical synthetic drugs widely used, resulting in a series of confusing and difficult to prevent and control the damage, more often called drug-induced diseases. Renal damage is a clinical problem of current concern, and patients with renal disease past life have experienced a dramatic deterioration in renal function as a result of the application of nephrotoxic drugs. Due to the great blood supply of the kidney, the purpose is to discharge metabolic wastes from the body as a filter, its blood volume accounts for 1/4 of the whole body, which is larger than any organ, on the one hand, it is conducive to the full development of renal function, on the other hand, a large number of drugs flow through the kidneys. Drugs through the kidneys, there are many drugs need to be metabolized by the kidneys and discharged, but also due to the renal tubules of certain drugs have reabsorption and excretion of urinary effects, so that the concentration of drugs in the renal tubules is very high, the chances of damage to the kidneys greatly increased, coupled with the kidney glomerular capillaries in the filtration area is very large, the area of drugs in contact with the corresponding area is also very large. Various factors, showing that the kidney as one of the metabolic organs of the drug, and in turn vulnerable to drug damage. Drug damage to the kidneys in two ways, one is direct damage, such as nephrotoxic drugs can directly damage the renal tubules, and the concentration of drugs, such as sulfonamides can cause crystallization of renal obstruction and other mechanical damage. The other is indirect damage, and the damage is done in many ways; there are mainly metabolic damage, immune complex damage, hemodynamic and rheological changes in the damage, electrolyte disorders and the damage caused by the damage to the kidneys of the drugs can lead directly to tubular necrosis; osmotic nephropathy; nephritis or other changes in the glomerulus; obstructive nephropathy and so on. At the same time, for those who already have reduced renal function, such as the elderly, chronic kidney disease patients, more commonly lead to further reduction of renal function. Drugs that cause renal damage mainly include: analgesics, vitamin A, D penicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, sulfonamides, dicentromycin B, anti-tuberculosis drugs and other antibiotics, ether, cyclopropane, morphine, carbon monoxide, and other drugs, osmotic diuretics, mercury diuretics, phenylthiazole diuretics, and other diuretics most of the inappropriate application of the diuretics, a variety of contrast agents, antitumor drugs, epothilone, and so on. It should be noted that some drugs are often commonly used by kidney patients, such as diuretics, etc., so they should be used under the guidance of a doctor, do not buy their own drugs, kidney patients are best under the guidance of a specialist. 3, infection: in addition to streptococcal infection after acute nephritis and other glomerular diseases, many glomerular diseases can not be except bacteria, viruses and other infectious factors, chronic nephritis recurrence or acute attack has a lot to do with infection. For now, those who cause chronic renal failure and uremia are firstly all kinds of glomerular diseases, followed by chronic nephritis and diabetic nephropathy, and the latter two are caused by infections, and one of them is very susceptible to infections. Therefore, prevention and control of infection is of great significance to protect the kidney and prevent the deterioration of renal function. For recurrent tonsillar infections with suspected renal involvement, tonsillectomy is feasible after infection control. Chronic renal failure should be prevented and controlled due to acute gastroenteritis caused by bacteria, pay attention to dietary hygiene, so as not to aggravate renal failure due to vomiting, diarrhea resulting in decreased blood volume, electrolyte disorders, and the application of antibiotics should try to choose non-nephrotoxic drugs. Chronic renal insufficiency, due to the reduction of drug metabolism in the kidneys, should be discretionary to reduce the use of drugs. 4, high protein diet: the past that the kidney for the patient due to the loss of large amounts of proteinuria, using the loss of how much to make up for how much of the method, the current study that this view is not reasonable, due to the root cause has not been removed, but due to the large amount of protein intake, but still from the glomerular filtration and loss of glomerulonephritis, but also due to the aggravated glomerulonephritis high filtration, accelerated glomerulosclerosis of the risk. Therefore, how to grasp and select the intake of protein is currently a subject for in-depth study in nephrology diagnosis and treatment. The general consensus is that a large number of high-protein diet is not appropriate to ensure that the positive nitrogen balance can be, renal failure patients due to excessive protein intake, will aggravate azotemia, advocating spear to control. 5, exercise: the impact of exercise on the kidneys is mainly due to exercise when the renal blood flow is reduced, glomerular filtration rate decreased, or because the kidneys in the exercise to increase the range of activities, or due to exercise acidic metabolites increase and other factors, people and have a tendency to aggravate the burden on the kidneys or damage to the kidneys. Exercise proteinuria, exercise hematuria, exercise tubular urine, may be the original hidden kidney disease due to exercise and aggravated, but also for the damage after exercise, not whether these proteinuria, hematuria, tubular urine is pathologic, it is not clear, because most of them disappeared after stopping the exercise, but there are many patients will be recurrent episodes. In addition, chronic nephritis and uremia patients with poor physical strength, renal function also has a different degree of decline, should avoid strenuous physical activity. 6, Haumea vibration: Haumea vibration of the body’s tissues and organs are affected to a certain extent. Expectant vibration on the kidney’s impact is mainly due to sodium retention after pregnancy, blood dilution, coagulation substances increase and lead to hypercoagulable state, fetal compression or increased levels of estrogen and lead to urinary dilatation, which leads to an increase in renal blood flow, glomeruli in high perfusion, high filtration state, and easy to complicate urinary tract infection, once the original kidney disease or hypertension exists, it is very easy to damage the kidneys. Therefore, chronic kidney disease patients are suitable for pregnancy, should be fully considered in all aspects of the factors and decide. In addition, the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum syndrome should be actively prevented. Hypertension syndrome occurs after 24 weeks of hyperemesis gravidarum, proteinuria, swelling of the lower limbs and the whole body, or even neuropsychiatric symptoms, or convulsions and coma, which comes with hyperemesis gravidarum and goes with delivery, and disappears only when hyperemesis gravidarum is discontinued, and is caused by vasospasm, whose cause is still unknown, and proteinuria, etc., as a manifestation of renal damage. Preventive methods are mainly to do a good job of prenatal checkups and health care during pregnancy and vibration, regular measurement of blood pressure and urinary protein, once there are signs of the occurrence of, should be dealt with in a timely manner, on the original hypertension, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus pregnancy and vibration of women, should be more vigilant. In conclusion, the factors that aggravate the burden on the kidneys are multifaceted, correctly recognizing and preventing these factors is of great significance in preventing and slowing down the decline of renal function, which should be put in the height of therapeutics, and should not be neglected.