Rabies is a disease of natural origin, caused by the rabies virus. The human body is infected by the bite of an animal with rabies in its salivary glands, or by scratching with saliva containing rabies virus. Its clinical manifestation is acute encephalitis, which eventually leads to death. Rabies is widely distributed throughout the world, and each year millions of people worldwide are vaccinated for exposure to the rabies virus. Despite this, 50,000 people still die from the disease, especially in developing countries where patients are often not vaccinated in time to die, and the actual number of rabies deaths may be higher than these figures. Most clinical symptoms of rabies appear 20-90 days after infection, with incubation periods ranging from a few days to decades, and rabies is 100% fatal once diagnosed. Since there is no specific treatment available, the only way to survive is to administer immunizations immediately after exposure. Immunization is the only effective measure to prevent the onset of rabies. (1) Post-exposure immunization (after being bitten): Those who have been bitten by mammals such as dogs and cats with rabies or suspected rabies and those who have contact with the above-mentioned bites. (2) Pre-exposure immunization (after being bitten): Professionals who are frequently exposed to risks: veterinarians (including students in veterinary hospitals), technicians working with veterinarians, laboratory personnel handling rabies virus-contaminated items, animal specimen strippers, gamekeepers, forestry personnel and farmers in rabies-endemic areas, etc., and infants exposed to rabies. 2. Contraindications: (1) Post-exposure immunization: Due to the lethality of rabies, there are no contraindications to vaccination. (2) Pre-exposure immunization: In case of pregnancy and acute febrile diseases, vaccination can be postponed. 3. Method of use and effect: (1) Post-exposure immunization: vaccination is given five times, via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection on the day, day 3, day 7, day 14 and day 30 after contact with rabies or animals suspected of having rabies, respectively. Depending on the depth of infection and the degree of risk, severe bites are administered first on the day of vaccination with anti-rabies immune serum, which can produce immediate protective antibodies. (2) Pre-exposure immunization: 3 times (on the same day, day 7, and day 28) using the protocol recommended by the World Health Organization. 4. Vaccination reactions and precautions: Slight reactions such as redness or mild hard nodules may occur locally to the injection, and febrile reactions are rarely seen. Those who have allergic reactions can be treated with appropriate anti-allergic treatment. Those who are indeed allergic to streptomycin and neomycin should be used with caution. Alcohol, cola, coffee, strong tea and stimulating food should be avoided during the vaccination process, and steroids and immunosuppressants can lead to vaccination failure and should also be used with caution.