IgA nephropathy is the most common type of chronic nephritis in China, and it can be divided into different subtypes according to different clinical manifestations and pathologies. Hematuria is the most common subtype, which may be combined with proteinuria, hypertension or renal insufficiency. The diversity of manifestations is a distinctive feature of the disease and varies widely among subtypes. Strictly speaking, IgA nephropathy cannot be cured. But some types develop very slowly, and to use an inaccurate analogy, this is similar to hepatitis B virus carriage. Patients may only have abnormal urine tests, while kidney function can remain stable for a long time without any impact on life. Thankfully, this subtype also accounts for a fairly high percentage of patients, especially those with simple hematuria, no hypertension, and negative or very small amounts of urine protein. In these patients, the main concern is to observe the urine protein and no aggressive treatment is advocated.