Most patients with aplastic anemia cannot be completely cured and it is irreversible, but the progression of the disease can be controlled by medication and some patients can be cured after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Aplastic anemia is a disease in which the bone marrow is damaged by toxic chemicals, radiation, drugs and other factors, thus causing low hematopoietic function. 1. Most of the patients’ diseases are irreversible and cannot be completely cured, but they can be relieved of the symptoms and slow down the progress of the disease through standardized treatments to achieve the purpose of prolonging the survival period and improving the quality of life. Drugs include cyclosporine, testosterone undecanoate, anti-thymocyte globulin, erythropoietin and so on. 2. Some patients can be cured by bone marrow stem cell transplantation, which can effectively prolong the survival period. If patients do not receive timely treatment may have serious complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, fundus hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, infection, etc., which is easy to endanger life. Therefore, patients need to actively cooperate with doctors, keep a good attitude, regular checkups, and consult doctors if there is any serious discomfort.