With the advancement of modern medical technology, most patients with prostate enlargement can be effectively controlled through medication. However, surgery may be an option for severe prostate enlargement when it seriously affects the patient’s quality of life, especially if medication is not effective enough to consider surgical treatment. Surgery is recommended when prostatic hyperplasia leads to the following complications: (1) recurrent urinary retention (inability to urinate after at least one extubation or secondary urinary retention); (2) recurrent meatus hematuria; (3) recurrent urinary tract infections; (4) bladder stones; (5) secondary upper urinary tract fluid retention.