A significant proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis B develop cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Delaying the development of hepatitis B to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is the ultimate goal of hepatitis B treatment, and antiviral treatment is a necessary means. First, adhere to the antiviral treatment research shows that in the patients without antiviral treatment, the prevalence of significant hepatic fibrosis, severe hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis are 45%, 32% and 22% respectively; while those who receive antiviral treatment, the prevalence of cirrhosis is greatly reduced. Antiviral treatment with lamivudine significantly slowed disease progression and halved the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma over a 3-year period. Antiviral therapy does not directly remove the hepatitis B virus, but it can suppress the virus to lower levels. At present, all oral nucleoside (acid) analogues antiviral treatment follows the principle of “long-term antiviral treatment and complete inhibition of viral replication”. Doctors should educate patients to realize that antiviral treatment must be long-lasting and there are no shortcuts. After achieving a stage of victory, patients with hepatitis B still need to take every step, adhere to long-term antiviral treatment and regular follow-up examinations. Third, formulate reasonable treatment program treatment program in addition to consider the efficacy of drugs, but also must consider the long-term use of antiviral drugs and the long-term ability of patients to withstand. Because the side effects and economic burden brought about by long-term medication may force patients to discontinue treatment or carry out irregular treatment. Therefore, when choosing a treatment plan, we should not only consider the short-term efficacy of the drug, but also consider the safety of long-term use of the drug and the patient’s ability to afford it. Hepatitis B treatment should fight a prolonged war and follow the principle of “common fight against hepatitis B 123”: we must choose antiviral treatment; achieve two persistence (long-term treatment, regular testing); realize three reductions (cirrhosis, liver cancer, adverse drug reactions and economic burden).