Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS, Minimal Access SurgeryMAS) is a branch of medical science that delivers special instruments, physical energy or chemical agents into the human body through tiny trauma or tiny access to complete surgical operations such as inactivation, removal, repair or reconstruction of lesions, deformities and trauma in the human body to achieve It is a branch of medical science that is characterized by significantly less trauma to the patient than the corresponding traditional surgical procedure. The concept of minimally invasive comes from the fact that when people come into the hospital after an illness, they are bound to suffer some physical and mental damage, trauma or injury in the whole process of completing medical treatment, whether it is diagnosis or treatment of the disease, but the degree of which may vary. ”To achieve and maintain the best internal environmental stability (local and systemic) with as little or as much trauma as possible is the goal that doctors constantly pursue; “to achieve the same good results with as little cost to the patient as possible is the eternal theme in the history of medicine “. As early as the 4th century B.C., the ancient Greek medical scientist Hippocrates advised doctors “not to do too much”, which already implies the concept of “the smallest possible trauma”. With the continuous development of modern science and medical technology, the term minimally invasive appeared in the English medical literature: in 1985, British urologists Payne and Wickham first used the term minimally invasiveprocedure in a report on endoscopic treatment of urinary tract stones, which in Chinese means “In 1985, the term minimally invasiveprocedure was first used by British urologists Payne and Wickham in a report on endoscopic treatment of urinary stones. and is widely used. However, “what is called ‘minimally invasive’? There is no common scale or uniform definition yet”. ”The new name minimally invasive surgery (MIS) was led by the creation of laparoscopic surgery” [4]. Although the concept of “minimally invasive surgery”, “minimally invasive operation” or “minimally invasive technique” was first introduced by Payne et al. in 1985, it was not until 1986 when German surgeon Muhe performed the world’s first laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1986 [5] and P. Mouret, a French obstetrician and gynecologist, successfully performed the world’s first televised laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1987, minimallyinvasivesurgery (MIS) emerged on the basis of laparoscopic surgery, which experts suggest is translated as “minimally invasive surgery,” “minimally invasive operation,” or “minimally invasive technique” [6], but the customary and widely used direct translation term is “minimally invasive surgery “minimally invasive surgery”. Minimally invasive surgery is a new technology in clinical medicine across the century, and its most outstanding and typical representative is endoscopic technology, such as television laparoscopic technology, which is a new technology in the field of surgery resulting from the organic combination of modern high technology in the field of optoelectronics and modern surgery at the end of this century, and is a revolution and a new milestone in the history of modern surgery. Minimally invasive surgery is not an accident, it is the inevitable result of the high development of human material and spiritual civilization, the direction of future surgical development and a major technical innovation. The ultimate goal of future therapeutics development is to replace traumatic methods with non-invasive methods and small trauma with large trauma methods. This is also one of the indispensable means in the future medical bioengineering and treatment of diseases; for patients, the social and economic benefits are immeasurable with less trauma, faster recovery and saving a lot of human and material resources. The development of minimally invasive surgery has gone through nearly 100 years of history, from the initial diagnosis of diseases to the present one technique involving almost all specialties; it is not a specialty in itself, but a way of thinking and philosophy of surgery. Minimally invasive surgery uses highly sophisticated graphic systems and miniature instruments to minimize the trauma of traditional surgical operations. From the original “primitive laparoscope” with candlelight to view the liver and other organs in the abdominal cavity, almost 50% of operations are now performed minimally invasively. From simple endoscopic removal of polyps to complex minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting, all of this has been made possible by the development of modern science and technology, especially the development of graphic technology. High-definition laparoscopy (rigid mirror) and fiberoptic endoscopy (soft mirror) have been available since the 1960s, but they have been used for clinical diagnosis and a small amount of treatment in the past 20 years, mainly because there is no image display system and only the operator can see the operation through the mirror, which limits the promotion and popularity of this technology. Until the emergence of the camera system connected to the mirror in the 1980s, laparoscopic surgery, brain microsurgery, ophthalmic microsurgery and other rapid development. Since the world’s first laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1987, laparoscopic surgery has spread to nearly 50% of the number of surgeries in obstetrics and gynecology, thoracic surgery, urology, and pediatric surgery. With this, a large number of advanced surgical instruments have emerged to further promote the development process of minimally invasive surgery, such as: endoscopic ultrasound, ultrasonic knife, microsurgical instruments, etc. China has formed the discipline of endoscopic surgery characterized by minimally invasive surgery. In the past decade, international endoscopic surgery, especially laparoscopic surgery, has gone through a sensational process and developed exceptionally rapidly, with tens of thousands of endoscopic surgery experts around the world fighting for it and exploring new techniques and methods. With the continuous progress of endoscopic surgical techniques, the development of modern high technology has led to continuous improvement of instruments and apparatus. At present, as far as laparoscopic surgical techniques are concerned, laparoscopic surgery started with cholecystectomy, and now surgical resection of the pancreaticoduodenum, partial hepatic/pancreatic resection, gastrectomy, and intestinal resection in abdominal surgery can be done laparoscopically. In addition to abdominal surgery, gynecology, urology, thoracic surgery, orthopedics, cardiovascular surgery, and even plastic surgery have all been performed endoscopically for a variety of procedures. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has basically replaced open surgery as a classical procedure, and has been the best choice for emergency gallbladder surgery in Europe and the United States and other developed countries. The success of TV laparoscopic surgery with remote manipulation of artificial intelligence robots has opened a new chapter in the development of TV laparoscopic technology. The achievements made by the joint efforts of experts from all over the world over the past decades further illustrate that in the future, most of the cases that would have required “open-heart surgery” can be accomplished by minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as being replaced by televised laparoscopic surgery. In short, minimally invasive surgery, a new technological revolution in the field of human surgery across the century, is sweeping the world.