What is diabetic foot? Diabetic patients have reduced sensation or even loss of sensation in the foot due to neuropathy, and may develop deformities; also due to vasculopathy, the foot becomes ischemic and the local tissues lose vitality, so serious injuries, ulcers, gangrene and infections are likely to occur, and some of them eventually require amputation. These pathological changes in the foot are collectively referred to as diabetic foot. In short, a diabetic foot is a foot with loss of sensation due to neuropathy and loss of vitality due to ischemic tissues and co-infection. Although the pathological changes of the diabetic foot include neuropathy, vasculopathy, foot ulceration and infection, most scholars still believe that tissue ischemia caused by peripheral arterial stenosis and occlusion is the main cause and risk of the diabetic foot. Therefore, the treatment of lower extremity ischemia has been the focus of diabetic foot treatment. The current surgical treatment of diabetic foot vasculopathy mainly includes pharmacological treatment, surgical treatment and endovascular treatment. The treatment for wounds is mainly wound debridement and drug exchange, local application of blood-vitalizing and vasodilating drugs, etc. However, if the blood pressure at the wound site is not effectively improved, the local ulcers are difficult to heal, and even easily combined with infection, aggravation of ulcers and even gangrene requiring amputation. Therefore, in addition to the treatment of diabetic foot and local debridement, drug exchange, the most critical ischemic tissue blood transport purposes, improve and improve the blood supply of the affected limb, improve tissue resistance to infection and healing ability, and promote the healing of ulcers and wounds. 1, drug therapy: for the diabetic foot drug therapy, the first is the treatment of diabetes and active control of blood sugar. Diabetic patients are often combined with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, etc., and should be actively treated and controlled various related risk factors. Drug treatment for vascular lesions is mainly the application of vasodilators and antiplatelet drugs, of which antiplatelet drugs have received wide attention. 2.Surgical treatment: Surgical treatment is mainly applied to patients with diabetes combined with lower limb atherosclerosis occlusive disease with large and medium vessel involvement, tascc and d grade lesions. Because diabetes is closely related to atherosclerosis, the pathogenic person of diabetic foot can often be combined with iliac and femoral artery stenosis or occlusion. The ischemic symptoms of the affected foot are exacerbated in diabetic patients with combined lower extremity arterial occlusion, so it is critical to re-establish arterial flow to the lower extremity. Treatment of femoral artery (tasc class c and d) lesions is mainly based on autologous vein bypass and inverted saphenous vein bypass. Artificial vascular bypass, mainly using ptfe material artificial vessel to perform femoral artery bypass, is suitable for patients with poor autologous vein condition, the presence of varicose veins or the saphenous vein has been removed. 3.Endovascular treatment: At present, clinical endovascular treatment is mainly based on balloon dilation and stent implantation, although there are also reports of laser and rotary cutting techniques used in clinical practice, but they have not yet been carried out universally, endovascular treatment with its characteristics of small trauma and fast recovery has been generally concerned, from the perspective of evidence-based medicine, it is now agreed that the knee lesion in the tasc classification of grade a and b , intraluminal balloon dilation and stenting are more effective, even better than arterial bypass table results, while for tascc and d grades, intraluminal treatment is less effective. The treatment of infrapopliteal arterial lesions has been a challenge for vascular surgeons. In the past, the main focus was on inversion or in situ grafting of the sub-knee autologous saphenous vein, but the long-term patency and limb salvage rates were not ideal and were more invasive. In recent years, balloons and stents used for endovascular treatment have made great progress, such as a special long balloon (amphiriondeep balloom, invatec.) produced by Intec, Italy, which has been used for clinical treatment of diabetic foot infrapopliteal artery stenosis with good clinical results. For the treatment of diabetic foot infrapopliteal vasculopathy, balloon dilation can promote the reconstruction of the artery of the foot and the establishment of collateral circulation, rapidly improve the blood supply to the limb, reduce the amputation plane, and win time for the healing of the affected foot ulcer and toe amputation wound, and the restenosis after balloon dilation is a gradual compensatory establishment, which is the clinical significance and value of balloon dilation treatment, and is the key point that the limb saving rate is much greater than the vascular patency rate; balloon dilation has reproducibility, few complications, and can be dilated again for restenotic lesions, which helps the unfortunately high ischemic limb salvage rate, and pta should be the treatment of choice for diabetic infrapopliteal artery stenosis. In conclusion, the treatment of diabetic foot requires concerted efforts in many aspects, neither neglecting basic treatment such as controlling blood glucose, lipids, blood pressure and smoking cessation, nor focusing only on interventional or surgical treatment. With the continuous advancement of technology, the treatment of diabetic lower extremity arteriopathy is brightly becoming a hot spot for clinicians to focus on, and multicenter, randomized, and large sample clinical studies will likely better interpret its clinical treatment effects.