Both open surgery and minimally invasive surgery have certain complications. The occurrence of various complications is highly dependent on the patient’s general condition, whether he or she has other comorbidities, the complexity of the spinal disease itself, and the level of the surgeon. Complications are relatively high if the patient is of advanced age and has a combination of various diseases such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, etc. Complications are also relatively high if the patient has a very complex spinal disease. Generally speaking, as long as the indications are strictly controlled and operated by experienced spine surgeons, the complications of minimally invasive spine surgery are not higher than those of conventional surgery, and because minimally invasive spine incisions are relatively small and cause less tissue damage, they cause fewer complications related to postoperative residual back pain and incisional infections instead. In the case of lumbar disc herniation, for example, the main reasons for recurrence after surgery are: the disc is not removed cleanly enough, the prolapsed or free disc is not removed and left in the spinal canal, the patient does not spend enough time in bed after surgery, he/she goes to the floor too early, and the decompression at the lateral saphenous fossa and nerve root canal is not complete. The recurrence rate of conventional open surgery for disc herniation reported in the literature is generally around 3-5%, while experienced spine surgeons performing endoscopic minimally invasive disc removal have a postoperative recurrence rate comparable to, and sometimes lower than, that of conventional open surgery. Therefore, the recurrence rate of minimally invasive spine surgery is not higher than the recurrence rate of conventional open surgery, but the key lies in the surgeon’s experience and grasp of the surgical indications.