The onset of hernia is mainly related to the developmental process of the child during fetal life. In the early stages of pregnancy, the testes of the fetus in the uterus are inside the abdominal cavity, and in the seventh to ninth month of pregnancy, the testes of the fetus descend toward the scrotum, and during the descent, there is a tail, called the “sphincter”, which is connected to the abdominal cavity. If this tail does not atrophy during development, a pouch is formed that is connected to the abdominal cavity, and when the child cries or coughs, the small intestine protrudes from the abdominal cavity into the pouch due to increased intra-abdominal pressure, and a “hernia” is formed. In female fetuses, such a tail is also formed, but it closes earlier than in males, so girls can also be affected, but the incidence is low. Violent crying, prolonged coughing, and difficulty in urination in children are predisposing factors for hernias, but not the underlying cause; in essence, this defect is present at birth. This mass has a characteristic that manifests itself when the child sleeps or is quiet and the mass disappears, in fact the small intestine that has dislodged into the sac is back in the abdominal cavity. Therefore, it is often the case that the parents can say with great certainty that the child has a mass protruding locally, but sometimes when the doctor examines the child, on the contrary, there is no mass protruding, and then the ultrasound can be used to check whether the child has a localized inguinal pouch and small intestine prolapse in order to avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. In terms of treatment, it is now believed that all true inguinal hernias cannot heal on their own and generally require surgery and should not be treated conservatively. The reason is that most of the inguinal hernias (manifested by local protrusion of the mass) occur in the first 6 months of life, and if inguinal hernias occur, they may cause the small intestine to get stuck in the scrotum, which may lead to intestinal necrosis and peritonitis over time. Therefore, all children diagnosed with a hernia should be operated as soon as possible and the so-called “hernia belt” compression therapy is not recommended. It has been reported that 90% of complications can be avoided if surgery is performed within 1 month of diagnosis (unless the child has heart or respiratory problems that cannot tolerate surgery). Surgical treatment can be done by making an incision less than 1 cm in the groin and ligating the sphincter (the root of the pouch) in high position, usually in about 15 minutes. It can also be done intra-abdominally through laparoscopy, both of which are very effective and do not require undue concern.