Sotossyndrome, or cerebralgigantism, cerebralgigantismsyndromeinchildhood, also known as childhood giant brain syndrome ( macrencephalysyndrome, Sotos syndrome, is a syndrome in which the skeletal development grows too fast, the head is huge, and the intellectual development is delayed in infants and school-age children. How to check for pediatric macrocephaly syndrome? The syndrome is clinically characterized by significant growth of body development in the neonatal period, with long head and giant brain, mental retardation, idiosyncratic facial features and abnormal limb morphology. The birth weight and length of the child are greater than normal, and the growth is rapid during the first 4-5 years of life, then the growth seems to approach normal and stable, but the measured value is still more than two standard deviations from the mean value at the same age. The child may have a giant skull, long head, distant eye spacing, congenital dullness, peculiar facial features, prominent jaw, high palatal arch, mental retardation, clumsy movements or ataxia. Sometimes there may be obesity, twitching, abnormal hand skin pattern (increased number of total finger ridges between triangle a-b, large interfoveal lines and fingerprints with bucket-shaped lines are common), but abnormal skin texture has also been reported. Chromosomal examination was normal, fasting serum growth hormone concentration was normal, secretion stimulation test was also normal, oral glucose tolerance test could be abnormal in some cases, blood 17–ketosteroids were increased and 17–hydroxy corticosteroids were normal. Pneumoencephalography was done with varying degrees of ventricular dilatation, mainly lateral ventricle and third ventricle and brain parenchyma atrophy, and EEG had abnormalities. The diagnosis was confirmed based on the clinical features and laboratory and ancillary tests, and a positive family history facilitated the diagnosis of the disease. The disease is treated symptomatically and should be observed with long-term follow-up. In the neonatal period, jaundice is often delayed and requires active treatment such as phototherapy and comprehensive systemic examination; in infancy, recurrent respiratory infections, epilepsy and malignant tumors are common, and the incidence of tumors is significantly higher than that of healthy people, especially with age. Therefore, we should be highly vigilant and adhere to the follow-up; to around puberty because of the huge brain can have a vertical growth of facial length, affecting the development of teeth and other orthodontic treatment is required. Rehabilitation and special education should be designed and implemented for the child and continue throughout the life of the intervention. The final height of the child is unpredictable, but normalizes with age, with most abnormal growth ceasing around puberty. The prognosis for this condition is generally healthy beyond childhood.