Causes of ocular bleeding

  Ocular hemorrhage, more commonly seen clinically, is subconjunctival hemorrhage, which is easily detected by the patient because it is right on the surface of the eye.  The conjunctiva is a transparent membrane covering the anterior surface of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid, rich in blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The conjunctiva is a loose and elastic tissue that tends to accumulate blood and fluid between it and the sclera. Therefore, rupture of small blood vessels on the surface of the eye from various causes can easily cause subconjunctival hemorrhage.  The most common causes of subconjunctival hemorrhage are the weakness of the blood vessel walls due to systemic vascular disease, such as old age, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or local surgery or trauma to the eye, or various hematologic diseases. Bleeding may also occur in cases of acute local inflammation, such as severe conjunctivitis, which can also result in punctate or lamellar subconjunctival hemorrhage, such as epidemic conjunctivitis following adenovirus or enterovirus infection. Usually, in addition to the hemorrhage, it is accompanied by significant conjunctival congestion and an increase in eye discharge.  Subconjunctival hemorrhage does not affect vision and there is no significant eye discomfort. Cold compresses can be applied in the early stage and hot compresses can be applied after 48 hours. It will usually subside slowly after a week.  Therefore, if eye bleeding occurs, it is best to go to the hospital ophthalmology department in time for symptomatic treatment.