The bronchoalveolar breath sounds are a mixture of bronchial breath sounds and alveolar breath sounds. The nature of the breath sounds is similar to that of normal alveolar breath sounds, but the pitch is higher and louder. The nature of the expiratory sounds is similar to the bronchial breath sounds, but the intensity is slightly weaker, the pitch is slightly lower, the tube-like nature is less and the expiratory phase is shorter, and there is a very short gap between inspiration and expiration. The inspiratory phase of bronchoalveolar breath sounds is approximately the same as the expiratory phase. In normal individuals, bronchoalveolar breath sounds can be heard at the level of the 1st to 2nd rib space on both sides of the sternum, the 3rd to 4th thoracic vertebrae in the interscapular region, and the anterior and posterior lung tips. The nature of the breath sounds is similar to that of normal alveolar breath sounds, but the tone is higher and louder. The nature of the expiratory sounds is similar to that of bronchial breath sounds, but the intensity is slightly weaker, the pitch is slightly lower, the tube-like nature is less and the expiratory phase is shorter, and there is a very short gap between inspiration and expiration. In March 1988, the World Health Organization (WHO) held a consultative meeting on pneumococcal vaccination for the elderly in Copenhagen and recommended that all elderly people and all high-risk groups should be given pneumonia vaccination. Pneumonia vaccination is recommended for all elderly and all high-risk groups. The U.S. health goal for 2000 is to achieve a pneumococcal vaccination rate of 60% or higher in high-risk groups at risk for pneumococcal infection, including those over 65 years of age. Pneumococcal vaccine can be given to those who are older or younger than 65 years old but have cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, diabetes, alcoholism, cirrhosis of the liver and immunosuppression (e.g., HIV infection, renal failure, organ transplant patients, etc.) The pneumococcal vaccine was approved by the Ministry of Health in China at the end of 1996 and is now widely used in health prevention departments throughout the country.