Surgical treatment of hypospadias

  Hypospadias is a disease with a high incidence in boys and has been described for a long time, as it was shown in ancient Greek sculptures and in the history of King Henry of France, who was a patient with hypospadias. The cause of the disease is not very clear, but is currently thought to be hormonal and genetic, and some of the children we treat have a history of high doses of progesterone.  There is no need to be overly anxious when a child develops this disease, as most children can be treated satisfactorily with the current level of medical care. Some require more than two operations, some require cystostomy, etc.  Currently, most patients in international and domestic units with a high level of treatment for this procedure choose a single operation to solve the problem, and there is no need to place a cystostomy. Only some severe lesions require more than two surgeries.  The most important thing for parents is to choose when to operate. The impact of hypospadias on children is mainly psychological, so the more serious the deformity is, the sooner it needs to be treated, for lighter patients whose appearance is similar to normal children who can also stand and urinate normally can be left untreated or considered for surgery when they are older. If the child cannot stand to urinate, surgery is also needed as soon as possible. In both cases, there is a greater impact on the child’s psychology. It is easy to develop low self-esteem and personality defects.  The purpose of surgery is to correct the deformity and to allow the child to urinate standing up. If the deformity is very serious, it may be necessary to operate earlier, because if two or more operations are needed, the time span will be more than half a year. So it may not be fully corrected before kindergarten.