There are more than 200 different types of HPV, which are classified as high-risk and low-risk HPV according to their carcinogenicity. high-risk HPV types include 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 82; low-risk HPV types include 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 55, 61, 81, 83, etc. Persistent or recurrent HPV infection can lead to: 1. low-risk HPV infection generally leads to benign lesions, such as genital warts; 2. high-risk HPV persistent infection can lead to malignant lesions, which can eventually develop into invasive cervical cancer. Current epidemiological and biological data have proved that the occurrence of cervical cancer and its pre-cancerous lesions are closely related to cervical high-risk HPV infection, and HPV-DNA can be detected in more than 95% of cervical cancer patients. There are various methods for HPV detection, including hybridization capture method, fluorescence in situ hybridization method, microarray technology hybridization method, real-time fluorescence PCR method and speckle blotting method, etc. The sensitivity and specificity of each assay are different. However, the results can be divided into two categories, i.e. quantitative assays and typing assays. The most used quantitative test is HC2-HPV-DNA, which is the only test certified by FDA, CE and FDA, and has higher reliability and biosafety. This test can test for 13 high-risk HPV viruses at once, which is more reliable than testing for one or more HPVs alone. The disadvantage is that the HPV types cannot be specifically distinguished, and low-risk HPV types such as 6 and 11, which mainly cause condyloma acuminatum, cannot be detected. In April 2014, the US approved the cobas HPV test for first-line screening, which provides both HPV16 and 18 typing results and the results of 12 other high-risk HPV subtypes in aggregate; there are other tests that can detect 21, 27 or even more high- and low-risk HPV types, which have the advantage of distinguishing whether the patient’s infected type is cervical cancer The advantage of these methods is that they can distinguish whether the patient is infected with a high-risk type of cervical cancer or not, which helps to match the TCT results for the next triage. The disadvantage is that HPV load analysis cannot be performed accurately. In addition, it is important to know that no matter which test method is used, it cannot detect all types, but there is no need to worry too much about the problem of missed diagnosis because the occurrence of cervical cancer is only related to high-risk HPV types, 70% of cervical cancer patients are infected with two types, 16 and 18, and other high-risk types can basically be detected by the existing test methods. Therefore, if your HPV test result is negative, you can basically rule out the possibility of cervical cancer, and even if you are infected with other undetected HPV types, it is not enough to be afraid. With the advancement of science, there will be more and more means of HPV testing. As long as we keep regular check-ups, cervical cancer will be killed in the cradle.