NEC is the abbreviation of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Preterm infants with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis have been well and will not recur in most cases after breastfeeding, but a few of them may recur, which is usually seen about 1 month after the initial onset of the disease. Preterm infants suffering from neonatal necrotizing small bowel colitis are mostly due to the immature intestinal development of preterm infants, which can easily lead to reduced secretion of gastric acid in the intestines and poor ability of digestive enzymes, which can cause intestinal infections, intestinal ischemia, and damage to the intestinal tract. Newborns with necrotizing small bowel colitis are advised to seek timely medical attention and targeted treatment under the guidance of a doctor. The long-term prognosis is generally good for mild cases, and most children can be cured with effective treatment. However, for more severe cases, surgery is needed, and there may be after-effects after surgery. In addition, the physical condition of each child is different, and there is a certain chance of recurrence after treatment, but the recurrence rate is relatively low. After neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is cured, it is necessary to follow the doctor’s instructions, pay attention to some special matters, and after the child resumes normal breastfeeding, abdominal distension, vomiting and other symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner.