Osteoarthritis is a very common bone and joint disease, and although it occurs in some young people, it is particularly common in the elderly. Today is an aging society and the onset of osteoarthritis is extremely widespread, which is due to the fact that the knee is the most important weight-bearing joint in the human body, so the knee is the first in terms of the onset of osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis can be divided into primary and secondary osteoarthritis. The late manifestations of both types of osteoarthritis are consistent, namely progressive wear, erosion, and ulceration of the articular cartilage, swelling of the synovial membrane, and exudative reactions. The main symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee are pain, swelling, deformity, and functional impairment. Osteoarthritis is knee osteoarthritis, which is known to be the most common and persistent disease in women. It is characterized by progressive weakening and degeneration of the articular cartilage. When the articular cartilage is gradually eroded and the lack of padding increases the friction between the joint surfaces, the patient will experience a series of symptoms and characteristics that are progressively worse: 1. 2. The pain is aggravated by knee joint activity, characterized by paroxysmal pain at first, then persistent pain, more so at night and during exertion, and obvious pain when walking up and down stairs. 3. The knee joint activity is limited, or even limping. Very few patients may develop interlocking phenomenon or knee joint effusion. 4. There may be popping and grinding sounds when the joint moves, and some patients have swollen joints, and joint deformity can be seen over time. 5. Knee pain is a common complaint of patients with this disease. The early symptoms are pain when going up and down stairs, especially when going downstairs, unilaterally or bilaterally, and joint enlargement, mostly due to bony hypertrophy, but also joint cavity effusion, synovial hypertrophy is rare, and knee inversion deformity occurs in severe cases. When the cartilage is destroyed, the gap disappears and the bone surfaces begin to rub against each other. If the cartilage is completely destroyed, the friction between the exposed bone surfaces causes more severe pain and deformation, resulting in joint deformity, such as internal or external knee joint. Osteoarthritis is prone to occur in middle-aged and older adults, with 80% of people over 45 years of age showing clinical evidence of arthritis on at least one joint. The development of osteoarthritis is mainly related to wear and tear of the joint surfaces during daily life, and the other most common type of arthritis is post-traumatic stress. There is another type of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, which has a younger age of onset, usually between 21 and 45 years of age, and for some reason is three times more common in women than in men, making it the most devastating and disabling of all arthritis types. Rheumatoid arthritis mostly begins with joint pain, which starts as soreness and becomes more pronounced with joint swelling and pain, localized fluid accumulation in the joint, and increased temperature. After repeated attacks, the muscles of the affected limbs atrophy. If the efficacy of conservative treatments, such as rest, functional exercise, physical therapy and oral medication, decreases as the disease progresses or even becomes ineffective, then total knee replacement is the ultimate treatment.