Nephrotic syndrome can be caused by a variety of reasons, mainly due to two main categories: primary and secondary, such as autoimmune dysfunction, caused by other diseases.
The main causes of primary nephrotic syndrome are autoimmune dysfunction, abnormal proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, which include mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous nephropathy, microscopic nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis.
Secondary nephrotic syndrome, which is caused by other diseases. It can be caused by infections, drug or toxic injury, tumors, metabolic, allergic, systemic, and hereditary disorders, such as diabetes mellitus and lupus nephritis.
For example, diabetic nephropathy causes nephrotic syndrome because of damage to the glomerular filtration membrane barrier due to years of poor blood sugar control. Nephrotic syndrome caused by systemic lupus nephritis is usually caused by immune complexes attacking the glomerular basement membrane.
Patients diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome should actively cooperate with doctors to improve the symptoms of the disease and the quality of life.