The skull is a very hard group of bone tissue in the human body, which plays an important role in protecting and supporting the brain, head and facial organs, and even in the life operation of the whole body. However, the skull is not indestructible, and it can be damaged in the face of various complex and dangerous environments, for example, cranial defect is a common disorder in neurosurgery. In our life, various traffic accidents and production safety accidents, falling objects, fights and brawls, as well as craniotomy due to our own cranial diseases, etc., all these factors may eventually cause cranial defects. These factors may eventually cause cranial defects. Cranial defects can be very harmful to the human body, which requires timely cranial repair surgery. Cranial repair surgery is a routine procedure in neurosurgery, and the technology is very mature. The choice of material for cranial repair is a factor that has a great impact on the final outcome of the repair. Some patients ask, “Is the use of titanium mesh for cranial repair high? Yes, titanium mesh is the most widely used cranial repair material in clinical practice. However, the performance of this metal titanium mesh material is not very good, and there are some defects and shortcomings in the clinical use. For example, postoperative infection and rejection, abrasion of the scalp, material deformation, material exposure, affecting the CT MRI, postoperative sensitivity to the external environment, heat and cold, and so on. For example, a Ms. Peng from Jiangxi, who underwent skull repair with titanium mesh material many years ago because of skull defect, recently had a situation of scalp rupture and material exposure. She came to us for consultation after multiple understandings, and after detailed scientific diagnosis and 3D reconstruction of customized personalized polyetheretherketone peek material, the team removed the titanium mesh material and re-implemented peek cranioplasty to solve the problem and achieve good results. Polyetheretherketone peek material is a very advanced new polymer material, which well overcomes the various problems that may arise from titanium mesh, its various properties are very close to the human autologous skull, and it can be made according to the patient’s skull shape for precise and personalized three-dimensional shaping design, highly restoring the skull structure. Due to its excellent performance and good postoperative results, polyetheretherketone peek material is gradually becoming a new trend of cranial repair material, which is favored by neurosurgeons and patients with cranial defects, at present. Our team is using this new material extensively, and we are constantly making technical improvement and innovation, and also introducing the concept of cosmetic plastic surgery, so as to carry out peek skull repair plastic surgery comprehensively, which can achieve the organic unity of anatomical integrity, functional perfection and aesthetic appearance, and achieve good results in clinical practice, and obtain the unanimous recognition and praise from the majority of patients and their families.