Esophageal cancer is esophageal cancer, and esophageal cancer in advanced stage can be treated with comprehensive treatment such as surgical decompression, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and so on for compression of recurrent laryngeal nerve. Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the esophagus. In the late stage, the tumor and enlarged lymph nodes will compress the recurrent laryngeal nerve, resulting in hoarseness, difficulty in swallowing, choking on drinking water, and respiratory difficulty in severe cases. If the body can tolerate it, local surgical resection and decompression is feasible. For patients who do not tolerate surgery, comprehensive treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy can be adopted, which can play a certain effect, improve patients’ life quality and prolong their survival time. Once diagnosed with esophageal cancer, patients need to actively cooperate with doctors for standardized treatment to avoid delaying the condition. It is suggested that patients should go to local regular hospitals for consultation and choose appropriate treatment plan according to their personal situation.