Cranial defect is a very common neurosurgical disorder. A large cranial defect can cause serious harm to the body and requires prompt cranial repair. The next step is to explain the dangers of cranial defects in detail. First, due to the lack of protection of the skull, the blood vessels on the surface of the brain tissue and the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid will be compressed, resulting in local ischemia and cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders, and a series of symptoms. Secondly, the large area of cranial defect will have a certain impact on the patient’s psychology, which will seriously affect the normal life and work. Thirdly, due to the lack of cranial protection, secondary injuries are easily produced if trauma is sustained. Fourthly, some patients, especially pediatric patients, may also have brain tissue displacement, brain bulge, cranial and brain developmental malformation, etc. Cranial repair surgery is not a very big surgery in the field of neurosurgery specialty, and it is a relatively common and routine surgery in neurosurgery. The surgery is relatively safe and the surgical risk is not high. It is recommended that patients with cranial defects undergo cranial repair surgery as early as possible. Cranial repair surgery should be measured in terms of time spent in several aspects before and after surgery. Firstly, before the skull repair surgery, it takes 4 working days to prepare the repair material, and the patient has to undergo preoperative examination, including head CT, blood sampling, biochemistry, chest X-ray, relevant ultrasound, etc. Secondly, the operation will take about 2 hours to complete if it goes well, and the drainage tube can be removed and the patient can move off the ground the day after the operation. Finally, if the recovery is smooth, the patient can be discharged from the hospital on the seventh day after surgery. Basically, the skull repair surgery can be completed 4 days before surgery and 7 to 8 days after surgery.