Condyloma acuminatum (CA), also known as venereal warts, anogenital warts, or “wart” as it is called in Chinese medicine, is an epidermis-like growth of the genital, perineal, and anal areas caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. “It is an epidermolysis bullosa caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the genital, perineal and anal areas. Those infected due to sexual contact fall under the category of sexually transmitted diseases. The incidence of this disease is high. The incidence in China has been increasing in recent years.
The disease accounts for 15.7% of sexually transmitted diseases, and the number of cases is the third fastest growing among sexually transmitted diseases. Since this disease is related to genital and anal cancer, coupled with the increase of subclinical infection and easy recurrence, it has attracted widespread attention.
Clinical manifestations
The incubation period is from 3 weeks to 8 months, with an average of 3 months. It is mostly seen in sexually active young and middle-aged men and women, with the peak age of onset being 20-25 years.
Most patients are generally asymptomatic. The lesions vary in size and shape. They can be as few as a few or as many as a pinhead: they can grow into large tumor-like objects in the anus and pubis, with pressure; they have a foul odor; sometimes small warts can be painful and itchy in the pubic area, and the patient can experience blood in the urine and difficulty urinating; intra-rectal warts can be painful and bloody in the stool, while large intra-rectal warts can cause a feeling of urgency.
In men, the warts are found on the prepuce, coronal sulcus, foreskin, urethra, penis, perianal area and scrotum. The first is a pale red or dirty red corn-like superfluous organism, soft in nature, slightly pointed at the tip, gradually growing or increasing. They may develop into papillae or cysts, with a slightly wide base or band and a granular surface. In the anus, they are often enlarged and resemble cauliflower, with a moist or bleeding surface, and pus often accumulates between the granules, emitting a foul odor, and can become secondary to infection after scratching.
The genital warts are located in dry areas with low humidity, the damage is often small and flat warts. The warts located in hot and humid areas often appear filiform or papillomatous, easily fused into large clusters. Warts can increase in size in patients with severe liver disease. Pregnancy can cause warts to recur or grow faster.
Diagnosis
1. History of unclean sexual intercourse.
The typical lesions are papules, papillae, cauliflower or corpuscles, and rough keratinized surfaces on the genital or perianal areas.
3, positive white acetate test, pathological sections can be seen dyskeratosis and concave hollow cells.
4, Nucleic acid hybridization can detect HPV-DNA related sequences, and PCR test can see specific HPV-DNA amplification bands.
Treatment
The actual fact is that there are no specific antiviral drugs available, and the treatment of condyloma acuminata must be comprehensive.
(a) Treatment of causative factors: (excessive leukorrhea, circumcision, gonorrhea).
(B) improve the body’s immunity.
(c) apply anti-disease drugs. Generally as long as adhere to the rules of comprehensive treatment can be cured.
1.Surgical treatment
For single, small area of warts, can be surgically removed; for huge condyloma acuminata, available Mohs’s surgery to remove, surgery with frozen section to check whether the damage is removed clean.
2, cryotherapy
The use of -196 ℃ low temperature liquid nitrogen, using the pressure freezing method of treatment of condyloma acuminata, to promote necrosis of the wart tissue off, the method is suitable for the number of small, small area of warts, feasible 1-2 times the treatment, the interval of a week.
3, laser treatment
Usually with CO2 laser, using the cautery method to treat condyloma acuminata, this therapy is most suitable for female vagina, penis or perianal warts. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things.
4, electrocautery treatment
The use of high-frequency electric needle or electric knife to remove warts. The method: local anesthesia, and then electrocautery, this therapy to adapt to the number of small, small area of warts.
5, microwave treatment
The actual microwave surgical treatment machine, lidocaine local anesthesia, the rod-shaped radiation probe tip inserted into the acutely wet straight to the base of the wart, when seen on the body becomes smaller, darker, from soft to hard, the thermal radiation coagulation is complete, you can withdraw the probe. The coagulated lesions can be removed with forceps. To prevent recurrence, coagulation can be repeated once for the remaining base.