Allergic rhinitis is the nasal manifestation of a systemic allergic disease with strong genetic traits, and allergens are an important cause of its flare-ups. The search for allergens and specific immunotherapy are the only allopathic treatment measures that may influence the natural course of allergic diseases. A variety of allergens have been found to be closely associated with allergic rhinitis. The distribution of allergen types leading to the development of allergic rhinitis is characterized differently by differences in geography and natural environment. The main allergen of allergic rhinitis in Liaoning is dust mite, followed by artemisia, ragweed, dog hair, trees, cat hair, sunflower, cockroach, grass, and polyvalent mold. The subtropical climate represented by the Hainan region, which is hot and humid all year round, has a significantly higher rate of cockroach and mold allergen positivity than in the northeast, while the rate of artemisia and ragweed positivity is extremely low. Grasses, weeds and Artemisia are the main allergenic pollens for seasonal allergic rhinitis in eastern China. Artemisia and ragweed were the main allergens of seasonal allergic rhinitis in northeast China, while the positive rate of grass was low. Ragweed is native to North America and was found to grow in large areas in Liaoning 20 years ago. The positive rate of dust mites in Hainan, East China and Liaoning all accounted for the first place in the region. House dust mite antigens are composed of various parts of the mite body, secretions and excretions. Numerous studies at home and abroad have demonstrated that dust mites, as a globally distributed allergen, have become the most common and dominant allergen for allergic rhinitis and asthma in China and worldwide. House dust mites have the most suitable growth requirements for environmental humidity and temperature, with 80% relative humidity and 25°C being the most suitable for their growth, and the indoor environment in southwest China and coastal South China provides good conditions for dust mite breeding. Therefore, the mite sensitization rate in the above two regions is also higher than other regions.