Lung cancer surgery has a history of eighty years and can be performed in tertiary hospitals and even in some technically strong secondary hospitals across the country. 2. 6 groups of lymph nodes should be resected, including 3 groups of intrapulmonary and 3 groups of mediastinal lymph nodes (including inferior bulbar lymph nodes) 3. No extracellular invasion of the resected lymph nodes and no metastasis in the highest group of resected lymph nodes (the first two criteria involve the surgeon’s surgical operation). The NCCN lung cancer guidelines are relatively lenient, requiring lung cancer resection to be lobectomized, requiring negative surgical margins, and lymph nodes in the hilum to be cleared. and that hilar lymph nodes must be cleared and mediastinal lymph nodes cleared in at least 3 groups. However, even in the United States, physicians do not fully achieve this. An article published in recent years describes a lung cancer study at the University of Tennessee that investigated more than 700 lung cancer surgeries in Tennessee and found that only 8.2% of lung cancer surgeries met the NCCN criteria, less than one tenth, and that the main problem was the lack of lung resection and incomplete lymph node clearance by the surgeon during surgery. The reason for this situation is that doctors do not realize that lymphatic dissection can theoretically help to accurately stage lung cancer, which can further guide patients’ follow-up treatment after surgery, and also help to remove those tiny metastatic lymph nodes that are difficult to identify with the naked eye, which may help to improve patients’ long-term survival rate. On the other hand, due to the popularity of CT, more and more small lung cancers (<2 cm) are being detected, and there is no definite conclusion on whether lobectomy or lung segment or local resection should be performed for these small lung cancers, and there is also a controversy on whether the clearance of small lung cancer lymph nodes has any effect on survival, which all bring confusion to doctors. At present, we expect the latest clinical research to guide the clinical work. On the other hand, doctors should decide the extent of lung cancer resection and lymph node dissection by combining tumor size, pet-ct results, patient's lung function, age and general conditions. There is a lack of research related to the differences of lung cancer surgery in different places in China, and the situation of implementing standardized lung cancer surgery in China is not optimistic. Lymph node dissection for lung cancer is sometimes difficult and may increase surgical complications in elderly patients. However, in the absence of the latest evidence of evidence-based medicine, for the benefit of patients, physicians should do their best to dissect lymph nodes in order to obtain accurate tumor pathological staging and provide a scientific basis for possible adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other treatments.