Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease are divided into intervenable and nonintervenable factors. Non-intervenable risk factors include age, gender, race/ethnicity, and family history. As previously known, cerebrovascular disease is more likely to affect older adults, African Americans, and individuals with a family history of cerebrovascular disease. The risk of cerebrovascular disease continues to increase with age, with the risk of cerebrovascular disease increasing by a factor of 1 every 10 years after age 55. In addition, data published after 2001 suggest that low birth weight is also a potentially non-interventional risk factor; the risk of cerebrovascular disease is more than 1-fold higher in adults with birth weights ≤2,500 g than in adults with birth weights <4,000 g The reason for this relationship is not clear. Interventional risk factors include hypertension, smoking and passive smoking, lack of physical activity, carotid artery disease, inadequate treatment of atrial fibrillation and heart failure, diabetes mellitus, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, sickle cell disease, and dyslipidemia. Possible risk factors such as obesity, low physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypercoagulable states, hormone replacement therapy and oral replacement therapy. It is well known that there is nothing we can do about non-interventional risk factors, we can only intervene in the interventional risk factors, and the prevention and treatment of the interventional risk factors is one of the most important aspects of cerebrovascular disease prevention.