There are currently two main surgical procedures for cataract surgery: 1. Modern cataract extracapsular extraction which means microsurgery under coaxial light illumination. The basic procedure is to puncture and tear away the central part of the anterior capsule, deliver the nucleus of the lens, and aspirate the cortex in the peripheral capsule with a cataract simultaneous aspiration needle, preserving the intact posterior capsule and the peripheral anterior capsule.
The main advantage of extracapsular cataract extraction is that the posterior capsule is preserved, which facilitates the implantation and fixation of IOLs and is suitable for adults with nuclear cataract. Currently, extracapsular extraction and IOL implantation are the main surgical procedures in developed regions. The disadvantage is that some patients will need to undergo posterior capsulotomy or laser treatment again within 1 to 5 years after surgery because the posterior capsule is cloudy and affects their vision.2. Cataract ultrasound emulsification is an extracapsular extraction procedure. The basic method is to make a small incision of 3mm at the corneoscleral margin and extend the ultrasonic crusher to crush the nucleus of the crystal and then extract it. Depending on the type of surgery you choose and the crystal, the cost of surgery is between 3000 and 10000.
Post-operative precautions: 1. Avoid getting sewage into your eyes when washing your face or bathing within one week after surgery.
2.Avoid strenuous exercise and weight-bearing within one month after surgery to avoid excessive force and high intraocular pressure that may cause the surgical incision to crack.
3.For 3 months after surgery, avoid rubbing or colliding with the operated eye. For patients with anterior chamber artificial or iris septal IOL implantation, it is necessary to avoid rubbing the glasses with hands for a long time to avoid damage to the corneal endothelium by rubbing the IOL with the cornea.
Cataract patients should eat more dark green and fresh vegetables and try to avoid the following foods: 1. fried foods as well as artificial fats, margarine and animal fats, because these foods will accelerate the oxidation reaction and make people prone to cataracts.
2, whole milk powder, milk, cream, cheese, ice cream and other dairy products rich in lactose, such as lactose contained in milk, through the action of lactase, decomposed into galactose, and some people have a reduced ability to metabolize galactose in milk. In addition, galactose interferes with the utilization of vitamin B2 in dairy products, causing it to be deposited on the lens of the eyes of the elderly, and the protein is prone to denaturation, leading to a decrease in lens transparency, which can easily induce or aggravate cataract.