Medical science has advanced to the point where diabetes is still a manageable but not curable disease, and diet and exercise are the basis of diabetes treatment. Insulin is almost the only glucose-lowering hormone in the body, and diabetics all have varying degrees of insulin deficiency, which causes the body’s blood sugar to rise. If too much food is ingested, blood sugar will rise steeply after meals, adding a burden to the already tired pancreatic beta cells. Moreover, some patients with insulin resistance due to obesity are themselves insulin insensitive, so if they consume too much food and continue to gain weight, it will undoubtedly add to their diabetes condition. All diabetics must adhere to their diabetic diet at all times. If someone claims that they can give up their diet with a certain treatment, it is absolutely nonsense and diabetics should not be fooled. The dietary treatment of diabetes is not only a restricted diet, but also follows the following principles: control of total calories, reasonable meal preparation, small and frequent meals, high fiber diet, light taste, and no smoking and alcohol. 1. Control total calories Diabetic patients must prevent excessive total calorie intake. Most patients know that they should eat less with diabetes. However, some patients only pay attention to control the intake of grain, while meat, eggs and small snacks such as melon seeds and peanuts are not controlled. In fact, there are three main sources of calories in the diet: carbohydrates (mainly staple foods), proteins and lipids respectively. The difference between the function of staple foods and proteins and lipids is only that it can be more rapidly converted into glucose and increase blood sugar. Therefore, diabetic patients must be clear that the control of total calories in addition to control staple foods, but also includes control of all diets, that is, to eat every food into the calculation of its calories, even if it is some snacks snacks. 2.Reasonable meal allocation Diet in addition to control the total calories, but also need to pay attention to the balance of a variety of nutrients. The World Health Organization has made a reasonable recommendation for diabetic patients’ dietary balance, the daily staple food should account for 55% of the total calories, protein accounts for 15-20%, and the other 25-30% is fat. The daily dietary arrangement can follow this ratio. Generally speaking, a day of staple food 4 to 8 taels, you can eat an egg, no more than 3 taels of meat and no more than 2 spoons of oil. 3. Small amount and many meals Some patients can hardly endure the long-term diet control, always want to eat at once, so they simply skip breakfast, and add up the amount of breakfast together during Chinese food, resulting in high blood sugar rise after meals, which greatly increases the burden on the pancreas. A healthy diet should be a small number of meals, a few meals a day, a little less at each meal, so as to avoid a sharp rise in blood sugar and increase the burden on the pancreas. Usually not less than three meals a day, each meal no more than 2 taels of staple food. 4, high fiber diet Dietary fiber is also commonly known as crude fiber, can reduce blood sugar, blood lipids, but also help smooth the stool, so diabetic patients should eat more food containing dietary fiber. A variety of coarse grains, such as corn, sorghum, buckwheat, etc. and beans, green vegetables, fruits and vegetables contain a lot of dietary fiber, and coarse grains and vegetables contain more. Especially green vegetables, not only rich in dietary fiber, and very low calories, so if you feel full of rice, you can eat a lot of green vegetables to increase satiety. 5, light diet is also a must for a healthy diet, “clear” means less fat, “light” means not sweet and salty. Fatty foods produce more heat, and have a negative impact on cardiovascular, so eat less. Do not consume more than 2 spoons per day. Need to be especially reminded that, in addition to frying less oil, a variety of nuts should also be eaten less, although the appearance of the two are very different can belong to the lipids. In addition, of course, diabetics can not just eat sweet food containing sugar, these foods will make people’s blood sugar rises quickly. And in order to prevent complications caused by increased blood pressure, diabetic patients can not be too heavy taste, meals should be less salt, no more than 6 grams per day. 6, do not dabble in smoking and alcohol cigarettes and alcohol can not bring nutrition to the body, long-term smoking and drinking can only seriously damage health, for diabetics they are more harmful. Drinking alcohol can affect the regular diet, and alcohol can increase the chance of hypoglycemia, and dizziness, panic and other symptoms of hypoglycemia will be easily masked by the state of drunkenness, resulting in coma or even death. At the same time, alcohol produces high heat, a bottle of beer is about 500 kcal, drink more than easily obese. Smoking is even more harmful, because diabetic patients do not have smooth blood vessels, blood viscosity is large, and smoking will lead to vasoconstriction, which can easily cause blood vessel blockage. The blockage occurs in the cerebral vessels is cerebral thrombosis, in the heart is myocardial infarction, the consequences are very serious. Therefore, diabetics should not get involved in smoking and alcohol, or at least not smoking and drinking less alcohol. Must drink alcohol, it is recommended to drink a small amount of dry red or dry white, this kind of wine low alcohol content, and also contains very little sugar, but also to drink a small amount of appropriate, not more than 2 two a day. 7, correct drinking water Patients drink a lot of water, is due to the symptoms caused by high blood sugar, is the body’s self-protection measures. Diabetic patients must not limit their water consumption. If you deliberately drink less water, it will cause blood concentration, too much blood sugar and other nitrogenous waste in the blood can not be eliminated, so it can cause serious consequences. Diabetic patients should always pay attention to hydration, to avoid dehydration and can make the body of the waste fully eliminated, the body will certainly be beneficial. Of course, for patients with renal insufficiency and edema, it is important to drink water under the guidance of a doctor. Patients can drink tea, which not only allows patients to replenish sufficient water, but also from the tea to obtain a variety of nutrients, such as theophylline, vitamins and trace elements, and has a refreshing, brain, diuretic, antihypertensive, lipid lowering and other effects. You can choose a variety of teas according to your taste, but it is best not to drink too strong tea before going to bed, so as not to affect sleep. 8, choose the right drink Milk and soy milk are good drinks for diabetic patients, rich in various nutrients, especially a large amount of protein, very beneficial to diabetic patients. Milk can also supplement the lack of calcium, which is very beneficial to elderly diabetic patients, especially elderly female diabetic patients. So it is advocated that diabetic patients drink milk or soy milk. In addition to not adding sugar to drink, patients with high blood lipids should preferably drink skimmed milk, and patients with reduced kidney function and elevated blood urea nitrogen should not drink more soy milk with more vegetable protein. Yogurt is also a dairy product, and in addition to the general effects of milk, it is good for regulating the gastrointestinal function of patients, but patients should only use yogurt that does not contain sugar, otherwise it can also cause blood sugar fluctuations. Nowadays, there are many kinds of drinks on the market, such as Coca-Cola and Sprite. These beverages have a good taste and are especially favored by adolescent diabetics. However, these drinks contain a lot of sugar, so diabetic patients should not drink them, but only choose sugar-free drinks in order to avoid blood sugar fluctuations, excessive calorie intake and dental caries. Vegetable juice is a good drink for diabetic patients, rich in many vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber.