The development of hepatitis B has a “trilogy of hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer”, so many patients who have hepatitis B often get restless, fearing that they may one day develop cirrhosis or even liver cancer, so they seek medical advice and run around. Is the end of hepatitis B really so terrible – in fact, this is not entirely true, the majority of hepatitis B patients can be stable for a long time in the “Part I” stage, only a few people go to the “Part II” stage, and very few patients reach the “Part III” stage. Very few patients reach the “third step”. How do you understand the three steps of hepatitis B? “The bottom of the pyramid has the highest number of people. It is made up of people who are chronic carriers of hepatitis B. There are about 100 million of them. These people have no obvious symptoms, feel exactly the same as normal people, have normal liver function tests, and can have a “major triple-positive” hepatitis B virus test. They can also be “small triple positive” and are often found during occasional medical checkups (job recruitment, schooling, military service, health certificates, etc.). Most of them originate from intra-family infection or mother-to-child transmission. If a parent has hepatitis B, there is a high probability that the child will be infected, so people with hepatitis B are often infected by several families at the same time. Although they carry the virus, they have not yet developed the disease. What happens if chronic hepatitis B carriers are not treated – if they have a normal state of mind, are calm, and do not take medication indiscriminately, most of them (more than 80%) can live their lives safely, but only a few of them will develop to the upper level of the pyramid, that is, to active hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. For hepatitis B virus carriers, China’s authoritative infectious disease prevention and control program stipulates that they can work and study normally, but they should strengthen management and regularly review liver function, fetoprotein and ultrasound, etc. At the same time, maintaining a good attitude, optimism and open-mindedness, recreation and entertainment are also very important for the “long-term treatment” of virus carriers. Hepatitis B “three steps” 1, the second layer of the “pyramid” for the chronic active hepatitis stage, this layer of about – million people, characterized by prominent symptoms, with severe fatigue, loss of appetite, yellowing of the skin and eyes The second tier of chronic active hepatitis is characterized by about 10 million people with symptoms such as severe fatigue, loss of appetite, yellowing of the skin and eyes, and significant abnormalities in liver function (transaminases above 120 units per liter, bilirubin above 35 micromol/liter, etc.). These patients have recurrent disease and have difficulty in stabilizing liver function. If the pathological examination of the resting liver suggests debris-like necrosis (including bridging necrosis and multilobular necrosis), the disease will most often evolve into cirrhosis. The chance of active hepatitis becoming cirrhosis is about 40-60%. Other patients can progress to a better outcome with proper and aggressive treatment. The correct treatment is to protect the liver, adjust the immune system and antiviral at the same time. The third layer of the “pyramid” is the cirrhosis stage. The cirrhosis developed from hepatitis B is called hepatitis cirrhosis (formerly known as post-hepatitis cirrhosis), with a number of about 5 million, of which about half are stationary (compensated) cirrhosis, characterized by basically stable and normal liver function, no obvious symptoms, and acceptable physical strength. The other half are active (decompensated) cirrhosis, characterized by repeated abnormal liver function, prominent symptoms, and constant complications (ascites, infection, bleeding, etc.), with a poorer prognosis. The fourth level of the “pyramid” (the highest level or the tip of the tower) is the liver cancer stage, with about 300,000 to 500,000 people, characterized by the erosion of the liver by malignant tumors, the patient’s wasting and fatigue, and imaging (ultrasound, CT) clearly indicating the existence of occupying lesions. The main treatment methods for liver cancer are surgery and interventional therapy, and the efficacy is not very satisfactory. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma may eventually die from liver failure and complications such as bleeding and infection. To sum up, the development of hepatitis B is like climbing a “pyramid”, the higher you climb, the more serious your disease is. The key to stabilizing the patient’s condition is proper and reasonable medication, proactive prevention, maintaining a good state of mind, and combining work and rest. The vast majority of patients are at the bottom of the spectrum, with mild lesion activity. The prognosis is good, and even without treatment, few patients develop cirrhosis or liver cancer. Severe hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis and liver cancer can be life-threatening, but these three conditions account for only a very small percentage of hepatitis B patients. Therefore, the idea of a “trilogy” of hepatitis B is unscientific. It is a very confusing and compulsive approach to hepatitis B. It has a serious negative effect on patients and should be abolished. In order to keep away from hepatitis B, we should take preventive measures in our life, such as exercising more, paying attention to diet, and avoiding exposure to toxic chemicals. We should strive to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Hepatitis B patients face the risk of deterioration, so how can we effectively block the hepatitis B three-step process? How to block the three steps of hepatitis B? Avoid staying up late. On national holidays, there are more chances of going out to travel, having fun all night and staying up late to play cards. However, this is also a common trigger that leads to a higher relapse rate of hepatitis B after the holidays. Patients with hepatitis B, especially those in the hepatitis flare-up period, should ensure adequate rest and have appropriate fun during the holidays to prevent deterioration of their condition. Eat in moderation. Hepatitis B patients should “resist the pressure” to eat too much, especially meat and sugar, in the face of family gatherings and friends’ dinners. Excessive consumption of meat and sugar will cause excess protein and sugar to be converted to fat and stored, of which the liver is also an important storage point. It is best for hepatitis B patients to have a balanced and varied diet, especially to control their weight and eat less animal fat, fried food, salted meat, whole milk, etc. Absolutely no alcohol. The main component of alcohol is ethanol, which can be converted into aldehydes in the liver, and they all have a direct damaging effect on the liver, causing degeneration and necrosis of liver cells. Hepatitis B patients have damage to their liver cells, drinking alcohol adds to the problem, aggravating the condition and leading to cirrhosis and even liver cancer. When faced with “toasts” from friends and colleagues, hepatitis B patients should understand their own condition and politely decline. Standardize your medication and review it regularly. Hepatitis B patients want to keep their condition stable, remember to take regular and quantitative medication, follow the doctor for regular review, do not disrupt the treatment plan because of busy life.